The modeling of a centrifugal compressor system with exhaust and plenum piping acoustics is presented in this paper. For an experimental centrifugal compressor test rig with modular inlet and exhaust piping, a mathematical model of the system dynamics is derived based on the Greitzer compression system model. In order to include the dynamics of the piping acoustics, a transmission line model is added to the original compressor equations and different compressor-piping configurations were tested. The resulting mathematical representations of the compression system dynamics are compared with the measured response of the experimental setup. Employing active magnetic bearings to perturb the axial impeller tip clearance of the compressor, the compression system is excited over a wide frequency range and the input-output response from the impeller tip clearance to the plenum pressure rise is analyzed. Additionally, the simulated surge oscillations are compared with the measured response in the surge condition. A good agreement is observed between the experimental and theoretical frequency responses of from the tip clearance to the output pressure, both in stable operation and during surge.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
1.
de Jager
, B.
, 1995, “Rotating Stall and Surge Control: A Survey
,” Proceedings of the 34th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control
, pp. 1857
–1862
.2.
Gravdahl
, J. T.
, and Egeland
, O.
, 1999, Compressor Surge and Rotating Stall: Modeling and Control
, Springer-Verlag
, London, UK
.3.
Longley
, J. P.
, 1994, “A Review of Nonsteady Flow Models for Compressor Stability
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
0889-504X, 116
(2
), pp. 202
–215
.4.
Emmons
, H. W.
, Pearson
, C. E.
, and Grant
, H. P.
, 1955, “Compressor Surge and Stall Propagation
,” Trans. ASME
0097-6822, 77
, pp. 455
–469
.5.
Greitzer
, E. M.
, 1976, “Surge and Rotating Stall in Axial Flow Compressors, Part I, II
,” ASME J. Eng. Power
0022-0825, 98
, pp. 190
–217
.6.
Hansen
, K. E.
, Jørgensen
, P.
, and Larsen
, P. S.
, 1981, “Experimental and Theoretical Study of Surge in a Small Centrifugal Compressor
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
0098-2202, 103
, pp. 391
–395
.7.
Botros
, K. K.
, 1994, “Transient Phenomena in Compressor Stations During Surge
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
0742-4795, 116
, pp. 119
–132
.8.
Brun
, K.
, and Kurz
, R.
, 2010, “Analysis of the Effect of Pulsations on the Operational Stability of Centrifugal Compressors in Mixed Reciprocating and Centrifugal Compressor Stations
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
0742-4795, 132
(7
), pp. 072402
.9.
Elder
, R. L.
, and Gill
, M. E.
, 1985, “A Discussion of the Factors Affecting Surge in Centrifugal Compressors
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
0742-4795, 107
, pp. 499
–506
.10.
Fink
, D. A.
, Cumpsty
, N. A.
, and Greitzer
, E. M.
, 1992, “Surge Dynamics in a Free-Spool Centrifugal Compressor System
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
0889-504X, 114
(2
), pp. 321
–332
.11.
Gravdahl
, J. T.
, and Egeland
, O.
, 1999, “Centrifugal Compressor Surge and Speed Control
,” IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol.
1063-6536, 7
(5
), pp. 567
–579
.12.
Macdougal
, I.
, and Elder
, R. L.
, 1983, “Simulation of Centrifugal Compressor Transient Performance for Process Plant Applications
,” ASME J. Eng. Power
0022-0825, 105
(4
), pp. 885
–890
.13.
Moore
, F. K.
, and Greitzer
, E. M.
, 1986, “A Theory of Post-Stall Transients in Axial Compressor Systems: Part I—Development of Equations
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
0742-4795, 108
(1
), pp. 68
–76
.14.
Morini
, M.
, Pinelli
, M.
, and Venturini
, M.
, 2007, “Development of a One-Dimensional Modular Dynamic Model for the Simulation of Surge in Compression Systems
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
0889-504X, 129
(3
), pp. 437
–447
.15.
Morini
, M.
, Pinelli
, M.
, and Venturini
, M.
, 2009, “Analysis of Biogas Compression System Dynamics
,” Appl. Phys. (Berlin)
0340-3793, 86
, pp. 2466
–2475
.16.
van Helvoirt
, J.
, and d. Jager
, B.
, 2007, “Dynamic Model Including Piping Acoustics of a Centrifugal Compression System
,” J. Sound Vib.
0022-460X, 302
, pp. 361
–378
.17.
Sparks
, C. R.
, 1983, “On the Transient Interaction of Centrifugal Compressors and Their Piping Systems
,” ASME J. Eng. Power
0022-0825, 105
(4
), pp. 891
–901
.18.
Hagino
, N.
, Kashiwabara
, Y.
, and Uda
, K.
, 2005, “Prediction and Active Control of Surge Inception in Centrifugal Compressor System Without Plenum
,” 41st AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit
.19.
Jungowski
, W. M.
, M. H
, W.
, and Price
, G. R.
, 1996, “Pressure Oscillations Occurring in a Centrifugal Compressor System With and Without Passive and Active Surge Control
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
0889-504X, 118
, pp. 29
–40
.20.
Krus
, P.
, Weddfelt
, K.
, and Palmberg
, J.
, 1994, “Fast Pipeline Models for Simulation of Hydraulic Systems
,” ASME J. Dyn. Syst., Meas., Control
0022-0434, 116
, pp. 132
–136
.21.
Yoon
, S. Y.
, Lin
, Z.
, Lim
, K. T.
, Goyne
, C.
, and Allaire
, P. E.
, 2010, “Model Validation for an Active Magnetic Bearing Based Compressor Surge Control Test Rig
,” ASME J. Vibr. Acoust.
0739-3717, 132
, p. 061005
.22.
Simon
, J. S.
, Valavani
, L.
, Epstein
, A. H.
, and Greitzer
, E. M.
, 1993, “Evaluation of Approaches to Active Compressor Surge Stabilization
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
0889-504X, 115
(1
), pp. 57
–67
.23.
Arnulfi
, G. L.
, Blanchini
, F.
, Giannattasio
, P.
, and Pinamonti
, P.
, 2006, “Extensive Study on the Control of Centrifugal Compressor Surge
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part A
0957-6509, 220
(3
), pp. 289
–304
.24.
Wang
, Y.
, Paduano
, J.
, and Murray
, R.
, 1999, “Nonlinear Control Design for Rotating Stall With Magnetic Bearing Actuators
,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Control Applications
.25.
Boinov
, K. O.
, Lomonova
, E. A.
, Vandenput
, A. J. A.
, and Tyagunov
, A.
, 2006, “Surge Control of the Electrically Driven Centrifugal Compressor
,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.
0093-9994, 42
(6
), pp. 1523
–1531
.26.
Sanadgol
, D.
, 2006, “Active Control of Surge in Centrifugal Compressors Using Magnetic Thrust Bearing Actuation
,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.27.
Senoo
, Y.
, 1987, “Pressure Losses and Flow Field Distortion Induced by Tip Clearance of Centrifugal and Axial Compressors
,” JSME Int. J.
0913-185X, 30
, pp. 375
–385
.28.
Senoo
, Y.
, and Ishida
, M.
, 1987, “Deterioration of Compressor Performance Due to Tip Clearance of Centrifugal Impellers
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
0889-504X, 109
(1
), pp. 55
–61
.29.
v. Helvoirt
, J.
, d. Jager
, B.
, Steinbuch
, M.
, and Smeulers
, J.
, 2004, “Stability Parameter Identification for a Centrifugal Compression System
,” 43rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control
.30.
Goodson
, R. E.
, and Leonard
, R. G.
, 1972, “A Survey of Modeling Techniques for Fluid Line Transients
,” ASME J. Basic Eng.
0021-9223, 94
, pp. 474
–482
.31.
Yang
, W. C.
, and Tobler
, W. E.
, 1991, “Dissipative Modal Approximation of Fluid Transmission Lines Using Linear Friction Model
,” ASME J. Dyn. Syst., Meas., Control
0022-0434, 113
, pp. 152
–162
.32.
Tunay
, I.
, Rodin
, E. Y.
, and Beck
, A. A.
, 2001, “Modeling and Robust Control Design for Aircraft Brake Hydraulics
,” IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol.
1063-6536, 9
, pp. 319
–329
.Copyright © 2011
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
