Natural convection is measured in an enclosure that represents an integral collector storage system (ICS) with an immersed tube-bundle heat exchanger. Heat transfer coefficients for bundles of 240 tubes contained in a thin enclosure of aspect ratio of 9.3:1 and inclined at 30 deg to the horizontal are obtained for a range of transient operating modes and pitch-to-diameter ratios of 1.5, 2.4, and 3.3. Results for isothermal and stratified enclosures yield a correlation for the overall Nusselt number The characteristic temperature difference in the Rayleigh number is that between the average water temperature within the bundle and the tube wall temperature. Nusselt numbers are three times larger than those for a similarly configured single-tube and an eight-tube bundle. This increase is attributed to stronger fluid motion within the bundle and higher overall large scale circulation rates in the enclosure.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
1.
Bourne, D., Lee, E., Callaway, D., and Plaisted, J., 2003, “Design and Development of a Low Cost ICS Solar Water Heater,” Solar 2003, Proceedings, 32nd American Solar Energy Society Annual Conference, Austin, TX, R. Campbell-Howe, ed., American Solar Energy Society, Boulder, CO 80301, CDROM.
2.
Liu
, W.
, Davidson
, J. H.
, Kulacki
, F. A.
, and Mantell
, S. C.
, 2003
, “Natural Convection From a Horizontal Tube Heat Exchanger Immersed in a Tilted Enclosure
,” J. Sol. Energy Eng.
, 125
, pp. 67
–75
.3.
Liu, W., Davidson, J. H., and Kulacki, F. A., 2003, “Natural Convection From a Tube Bundle in a Thin Inclined Enclosure,” Proceedings, International Mechanical Engineering Conference and Exposition, Paper IMECE2003-44543, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York.
4.
Davidson, J. H., Mantell, S. C., and Jorgensen, G., 2002, “Status of the Development of Polymeric Solar Water Heating Systems,” Advances in Solar Energy, D. Y. Goswami, ed., American Solar Energy Society, Boulder, CO 80301, Vol. 15, pp. 149–186.
5.
Eckert, E. R. G., and Soehngen, E., 1948, “Studies on Heat Transfer in Laminar Free Convection With the Zehnder-Mach Interferometer,” AF Technical Report No. 5747, U.S.A.F., Air Material Command, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton.
6.
Lieberman
, J.
, and Gebhart
, B.
, 1969
, “Interactions in Natural Convection From an Array of Heated Elements, Experimental
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 12
(11
), pp. 1385
–1396
.7.
Marsters
, G. F.
, 1972
, “Arrays of Heated Horizontal Cylinders in Natural Convection
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 15
(5
), pp. 921
–933
.8.
Tillman, E. S., 1976, “Natural Convection Heat Transfer From Horizontal Tube Bundles,” Proceedings, ASME-AIChE National Heat Transfer Conference, Paper 76-HT-35, St. Louis, Mo.
9.
Sparrow
, E. M.
, and Niethammer
, J. E.
, 1981
, “Effect of Vertical Separation Distance and Cylinder-to-Cylinder Temperature Imbalance on Natural Convection for a Pair of Horizontal Cylinders
,” J. Heat Transfer
, 103
(4
), pp. 638
–644
.10.
Choi, K. J., 1983, Natural Convection Heat Transfer Within Horizontal Tube Bundles, Ph.D. dissertation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
11.
Sparrow
, E. M.
, and Boessneck
, D. S.
, 1983
, “Effect of Transverse Misalignment on Natural Convection From a Pair of Parallel, Vertically Stacked, Horizontal Cylinders
,” J. Heat Transfer
, 105
(2
), pp. 241
–247
.12.
Tokura
, I.
, Saito
, H.
, Kishinami
, K.
, and Muramoto
, K.
, 1983
, “An Experimental Study of Free Convection Heat Transfer From a Horizontal Cylinder in a Vertical Array Set in Free Space Between Parallel Walls
,” J. Heat Transfer
, 105
(1
), pp. 102
–107
.13.
Hunter, R. G., and Chato, J. C., 1987, “Natural-Convection Heat Transfer From Parallel, Horizontal Cylinders,” ASHRAE Transactions, Technical Paper No. 3100, Vol. 93, Part 2, pp. 752–763.
14.
Choi
, K.
, and Cha
, S.
, 1990
, “Plume-Rise Effect on Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Staggered Arrays of Circular Heating Elements
,” J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer
, 4
(2
), pp. 228
–232
.15.
Sadeghipour
, M. S.
, and Asheghi
, M.
, 1994
, “Free Convection Heat Transfer From Arrays of Vertically Separated Horizontal Cylinders at Low Rayleigh Numbers
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 37
(1
), pp. 103
–109
.16.
Bejan
, A.
, Fowler
, A. J.
, and Stanescu
, G.
, 1995
, “The Optimal Spacing Between Horizontal Cylinders in a Fixed Volume Cooled by Natural Convection
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 38
(11
), pp. 2047
–2055
.17.
Tokanai
, H.
, Kuriyama
, M.
, Harada
, E.
, and Konno
, H.
, 1997
, “Natural Convection Heat Transfer From Vertical and Inclined Arrays of Horizontal Cylinders to Air
,” J. Chem. Eng. Jpn.
, 30
(4
), pp. 728
–735
.18.
Tokanai
, H.
, Kuriyama
, M.
, Harada
, E.
, and Konno
, H.
, 1997
, “Natural Convection Heat Transfer to Air From a Horizontal Array of Cylinders With Different Surface Temperatures
,” Heat Transfer—Japanese Research
, 26
(2
), pp. 116
–121
.19.
Warrington
, R. O.
, and Crupper
, G.
, 1981
, “Natural Convection Heat Transfer Between Cylindrical Tube Bundles and a Cubical Enclosure
,” J. Heat Transfer
, 103
, pp. 103
–107
.20.
Keyhani
, M.
, and Luo
, L.
, 1995
, “A Numerical Study of Convection Heat Transfer Within Enclosed Horizontal Rod Bundles
,” Nucl. Sci. Eng.
, 119
(2
), pp. 116
–127
.21.
Canaan
, R. E.
, and Klein
, D. E.
, 1996
, “An Experimental Investigation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer Within Horizontal Spent-Fuel Assemblies
,” Nucl. Technol.
, 116
(3
), pp. 306
–318
.22.
Keyhani
, M.
, and Dalton
, T.
, 1996
, “Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Horizontal Rod-Bundle Enclosures
,” J. Heat Transfer
, 118
(3
), pp. 598
–605
.23.
Vdovets
, N. V.
, Grivnin
, A. I.
, Gotovskii
, M. A.
, Pervitskaya
, T. A.
, Fromzel
, V. N.
, Fedorovich
, E. D.
, and Shleifer
, V. A.
, 1986
, “Natural-Convection Heat Transfer in Horizontal Bundles of Fuel Rods
,” High Temperature—USSR
, 24
(4
), pp. 545
–552
.24.
Khalillolahi
, A.
, and Sammakia
, B.
, 1990
, “The Thermal Capacity Effect Upon Transient Natural Convection in a Rectangular Cavity
,” J. Electron. Packag.
, 112
(4
), pp. 357
–366
.25.
Khalilollahi
, A.
, and Sammakia
, B.
, 1986
, “Unsteady Natural Convection Generated by a Heated Surface Within an Enclosure
,” Numer. Heat Transfer
, 9
(6
), pp. 715
–730
.26.
Reindl, D. T., 1992, Source Driven Transient Natural Convection in Enclosures, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
27.
Reindl, D. T., Beckman, W. A., and Mitchell, J. W., 1992, “Transient Natural Convection From a Vertical Flat Plate in a Rectangular Enclosure,” Proceedings, 28th National Heat Transfer Conference and Exhibition, San Diego, ASME, Vol. 198, pp. 91–98.
28.
Reindl
, D. T.
, Beckman
, W. A.
, and Mitchell
, J. W.
, 1992
, “Transient Natural Convection in Enclosures With Application to Solar Thermal Storage Tanks
,” Sol. Energy
, 114
, pp. 175
–181
.29.
Feiereisen, T. J., Klein, S. A., Duffie, J. A., and Beckman, W. A., 1982, “Heat Transfer From Immersed Coils,” Proceedings ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Technical Paper No. 82 WA/SOL-18.
30.
Farrington, R. B., 1986, “Test Results of Immersed Coil Heat Exchangers and Liquid Storage Tanks Used in the Packaged Systems Program,” SERI/TR-254-2841, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
31.
Farrington, R. B., and Bingham, C. E., 1986, “Testing and Analysis of Immersed Heat Exchangers,” SERI/TR-253-2866, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
32.
Churchill
, S. W.
, and Chu
, H. H. S.
, 1975
, “Correlating Equations for Laminar and Turbulent Free Convection From a Horizontal Cylinder
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 18
(9
), pp. 1049
–1053
.33.
Morgan, V. T., 1975, “The Overall Convective Heat Transfer From Smooth Circular Cylinders,” Advances Heat Transfer, Hartnett, J. and Irvine, T., Jr., eds., Vol. 11, Wiley Interscience, New York, pp. 199–264.
34.
Arnold
, J. N.
, Catton
, I.
, and Edwards
, D.
, 1976
, “Experimental Investigation of Natural Convection in Inclined Rectangular Regions of Differing Aspect Ratios
,” J. Heat Transfer
, 98
(1
), pp. 67
–71
.35.
Ozoe
, H.
, Eujii
, K.
, Lior
, N.
, and Churchill
, S. W.
, 1983
, “Long Rolls Generated by Natural Convection in an Inclined, Rectangular Enclosure
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 26
(10
), pp. 1427
–1438
.36.
Liu, W., 2003, Natural Convection Heat Transfer From Horizontal Tube Bundles Immersed in Tilted Thin Enclosures, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota.
37.
Wu, L., and Bannerot, R. B., 1987, “Experimental Study of the Effect of Water Extraction on Thermal Stratification in Storage,” Proceedings, 1987 ASME-JSME-JSES Solar Energy Conference, Honolulu, Vol. 1, pp. 445–451.
Copyright © 2005
by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
