The purpose of this research is to investigate the physical mechanisms associated with broadband tip vortex noise caused by rotating wind turbines. The flow and acoustic field around a wind turbine blade is simulated using compressible large-eddy simulation and direct noise simulation, with emphasis on the blade tip region. The far field aerodynamic noise is modeled using acoustic analogy. Aerodynamic performance and acoustic emissions are predicted for the actual tip shape and an ogee type tip shape. For the ogee type tip shape the sound pressure level decreases by 5 dB for frequencies above 4 kHz.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
1.
Burton, T., Sharpe, D., Jenkins, N., and Bossanyi, E., 2001, Wind Energy Handbook, Wiley, New York, pp. 531–533.
2.
Wagner, S., Bareis, R., and Guidati, G., 1996, Wind Turbine Noise, Springer, Berlin, pp. 172–177.
3.
Brooks
, T. F.
, and Marcolini
, M. A.
, 1986
, “Airfoil Tip Vortex Formation Noise
,” AIAA J.
, 24
, pp. 246
–252
.4.
Klug
, H.
et al., 1995
, “Aerodynamic Noise from Wind Turbines and Rotor Blade Modification,” Joule 2–Project JOU2-CT92-0233, Final Report
DEWI-V-950006.
5.
Iida, M., Arakawa, C., and Matsumiya, H., 2000, “Three Dimensional Flow Analysis of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade using Overset Grid Method,” Proceedings of the 21th EWEC, Kassel, Germany.
6.
Sorensen, N. N., Michlesen, J. A., and Schreck, S., 2001, “Detailed Aerodynamic Prediction of the NREL/NASA AMES Wind Tunnel Tests using CFD,” Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Conference, Copenhagen, pp. 48–53.
7.
Ojima, A., and Kamemoto, K., 2000, “Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Flow through a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade by a Vortex Method,” E10-2, (Japanese), 14th CFD Symposium.
8.
Matsuo
, Y.
, Arakawa
, C.
, Saito
, S.
, and Kobayashi
, K.
, 1988
, “Navier-Stokes Computations for Flow field of an Advanced Turboprop
,” AIAA-88-3094.
9.
Smagorinsky
, J.
, 1963
, “General Circulation Experiments with the Primitive Equations
,” Monthly Weather Review
, 91
, pp. 99
–164
.10.
Van Driest
, E. R.
, 1956
, “On the Turbulent Flow Near a Wall
,” J. Aeronaut. Sci.
, 23
, pp. 1007
–1011
.11.
Brooks
, T. F.
, and Hodgson
, T. H.
, 1981
, “Prediction and Comparison of Trailing Edge Noise using Measured Surface Pressure
,” J. Sound Vib.
, 78
, pp. 69
–117
.12.
Ffowcs Williams
, J. E.
, Hawkings
, D. L.
, 1969
, “Sound Generation by Turbulence and Surfaces in Arbitrary Motion
,” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A
, 264
, pp. 321
–342
.13.
Lighthill
, M. J.
, 1952
, “On Sound Generated Aerodynamically. I: General Theory
,” Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A
, A221
, pp. 564
–587
.14.
Brentner
, K. S.
, and Farassa
, F.
, 1998
, “Analytical Comparison of the Acoustic Analogy and Kirchhoff Formulation for Moving Surfaces
,” AIAA J.
, 36
, pp. 1379
–1386
.15.
Hu
, F. Q.
, Hussaini
, M. Y.
, and Manthey
, J. L.
, 1996
, “Low-Dissipation and Low-Dispersion Runge-Kutta Schemes for Computational Acoustics
,” J. Comput. Phys.
, 124
, pp. 177
–191
.16.
Visbal
, M. R.
, and Gaitonde
, D. V.
, 2002
, “On the Use of Higher-Order Finite-Difference Schemes on Curvilinear and Deforming Meshes
,” J. Comput. Phys.
, 181
, pp. 155
–185
.17.
ICASE/LaRC Workshop on Benchmark Problems in Computational Aeroacoustics, 1994, NASA Conference Publication, Hampton, VA.
18.
Nii, Y., Takahashi, N., and Matsumiya, H., 2001, Broadband Noise Source Localization by Line Microphone Array Positioned Near a Wind Turbine Rotor Blade, The 2001 International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering, The Hague.
19.
Matsumiya, H., Kogaki, T., Kawamura, S., Takahashi, N., Kato, Y., and Nagao, T., 2002, “Wind Turbine Testing at a Hilly and Gusty Site,” Proceedings of the Global Windpower Conference 2002, pp. 10–12.
20.
IEC 61400-11 “Wind Turbine Generator Systems—Part 11 Acoustic Noise Measurement Techniques.”
21.
Powell
, A.
, 1964
, “The Theory of Vortex Sound
,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
, 33
, pp. 177
–195
.Copyright © 2004
by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
