... (resistance) provide acceptable safety margins for the piping design. This paper describes the development of design equations according to the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method for loads that cause primary stress such as sustained weight, internal pressure, and earthquake for different levels...

... the allowable stress design (ASD) method. This paper presents limit states and equations for the design of nuclear pipes for internal pressure based on the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method. The LRFD method is shown and explained to be more consistent than the ASD method. The paper presents...

... . American Petroleum Institute , 1989 , Draft Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms Load and Resistance Factor Design , API , Dallas, TX . American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials , 1994 , LRFD Bridge Design and Construction...