Abstract

Large bending and axial compression are two typical load conditions that cause axial buckling in buried oil and gas pipelines. A numerical simulation model is established using nonlinear finite element software to compare the buckling response characteristics of pipelines under these two types of loads and to explore the applicability of the current standards “Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems” (CSA Z662-2011) and “Seismic Technical Code for Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline Engineering” (GB/T 50470-2017). The influence of different parameters on buckling is analyzed. By comparing the ultimate compressive strains obtained from simulations under various conditions with the ultimate compressive strains calculated using the recommended formulas in CSA Z662-2011 and GB/T 50470-2017, it is found that the results from CSA Z662-2011 and GB/T 50470-2017 are not conservative for the axial compression model but are conservative for the bending loading mode. The ultimate compressive strain of the pipeline under axial compression load is always smaller than that under bending load. Based on the simulation results, an analytical formula for calculating the ultimate compressive strain of the pipeline with higher accuracy is obtained. The research results can provide guidance for pipeline engineering design and construction.

Issue Section:
Design and Analysis
Topics:
Buckling, Compression, Pipelines, Pipes, Stress, Failure, Pressure, Finite element analysis

References

1.
Liu
,
X. B.
,
Chen
,
Y. F.
, and
Zhang
,
H.
,
2014
, “
Prediction on the Design Strain of the X80 Steel Pipelines Across Active Faults Under Stress
,”
Nat. Gas Ind.
,
34
(
12
), pp.
123
–
130
.10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2014.12.018
2.
Zhu
,
Y.
, and
Lin
,
D.
,
2017
, “
Establishment and Validation of a Finite Element Model for Transverse Pipeline Landslides
,”
Oil Gas Storage Transp.
, 36(
5
), pp. 563--567.10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2017.05.015
3.
Yu
,
D. H.
,
Ren
,
W.
, and
Li
,
F.
,
2017
, “
Study on Oil and Gas Pipeline Damage in Frozen Soil Region Based on ANSYS
,”
Energy Environ. Prot.
,
39
(
12
), pp.
184
–
188
.10.19389/j.cnki.1003-0506.2017.12.039
4.
Det Norske Veritas (DNV)
,
1982
, “
Rulers for Submarine Pipeline Systems
,” DNV, Høvik, Norway, Standard No. DNV-OS-F101.
5.
Det Norske Veritas (DNV)
,
1996
, “
Rulers for Submarine Pipeline Systems
,” DNV, Høvik, Norway, Standard No. DNV-OS-F101.
6.
Canadian Standards Association
,
1996
, “
Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems
,” CSA, Toronto, ON, Canada, Standard No. CSA Z662.
7.
Mohr
,
W.
,
2003
, “
Strain-Based Design of Pipelines
,”
Edison Welding Institute
, Columbus, OH, Report No. 45892GTH.
8.
National Energy Administration of China
,
2004
, “
Code for Seismic Design of Steel Pipelines for Oil (Gas) Transmission
,” Petroleum Industry Press, Beijing, China, Standard No. SY/T 0450.
9.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China
,
2008
, “
Technical Specification for Seismic Resistance of Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline Line Engineering
,” China Planning Press, Beijing, China, Standard No. GB 50470.
10.
Fatemi
,
A.
,
Kenny
,
S.
, and
Sen
,
M.
,
Zhou
,
J.
,
Taheri
,
F.
, and
Paulin
,
M.
,
2009
, “
Parameters Affecting the Buckling and Post-Buckling Behavior of High Strength Pipelines
,”
ASME
Paper No. OMAE2009-79578.10.1115/OMAE2009-79578
11.
Kyriakides
,
S.
, and
Corona
,
E.
,
2007
, “
Introduction—Mechanics of Offshore Pipelines
,”
Mechanics of Offshore Pipelines
,
Elsevier
, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
12.
Sun
,
Y. Y.
, and
Li
,
X.
,
2013
, “
Determination of Ultimate Buckling Strain for Steel Pipe Under Internal Strength and Bending Loads
,”
Oil Gas Storage Transp.
,
32
(
9
), pp.
1022
–
1026
.10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2013.09.022
13.
Zhang
,
X.
, and
Shuai
,
J.
,
2018
, “
Research on the Local Buckling of X90 Pipeline Under Lateral Load
,”
J. Saf. Sci. Technol.
,
14
(
7
), pp.
135
–
140
.10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.07.020
14.
Yu
,
J. X.
,
Han
,
M. X.
,
Yu
,
Y.
,
Chen
,
H. S.
,
Yang
,
Z. L.
,
Xu
,
W. P.
,
Xu
, S. B., and Liu, Z. S.,
2021
, “
Investigation of the Effect of Loading Path on Pipe Buckling Mechanism Under Complex Loads
,”
J. Tianjin Univ. (Nat. Sci. Eng. Technol. Ed.)
,
54
(
10
), pp.
1017
–
1024
.10.11784/tdxbz202005007
15.
Feng
,
H.
,
Ma
,
C.
,
Wang
,
Y.
, and
Liu
,
T.
,
2023
, “
Study on Collapse Buckling of Diverse Diameter-Thickness Ratio Subsea Pipeline
,”
J. Mar. Technol.
,
42
(
4
), pp.
76
–
82
.
16.
Lu
,
G. H.
,
Xie
,
R.
,
Guo
,
J. M.
,
Luo
,
F.
,
Liu
,
X. B.
, and
Zhang
,
J.
,
2024
, “
Mechanical Response of Buried Pipeline in Non-Uniform Settlement Area
,”
J. Lanzhou Univ. Technol.
,
50
(
3
), pp.
64
–
68
.
17.
American Petroleum Institute
,
2018
,
API Specification 5 L
, API, Washington, DC.
18.
Liu
,
M.
,
Wang
,
Y. Y.
,
Zhang
,
F.
, and
Kotian
,
K.
,
2013
, “
Realistic Strain Capacity Models for Pipeline Construction and Maintenance
,”
Center for Reliable Energy Systems
,
Dublin, OH
, Report No. DTPH56-06-T000016.
19.
Vazouras
,
P.
,
Karamanos
,
S. A.
, and
Dakoulas
,
P.
,
2010
, “
Finite Element Analysis of Buried Steel Pipelines Under Strike-Slip Fault Displacements
,”
Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng.
,
30
(
11
), pp.
1361
–
1376
.10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.06.011
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
20.
Ifayefunmi
,
O.
,
2016
, “
Buckling Behavior of Axially Compressed Cylindrical Shells: Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Data
,”
Thin-Walled Struct.
,
98
, pp.
558
–
564
.10.1016/j.tws.2015.10.027
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
21.
Zimmerman
,
T.
,
Timms
,
C.
,
Xie
,
J.
, and
Asante
,
J.
,
2004
, “
Buckling Resistance of Large Diameter Spiral Welded Line Pipe
,”
ASME
Paper No. IPC2004-0364.10.1115/IPC2004-0364
22.
Canadian Standards Association
,
2011
, “
Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems
,”
CSA
,
Toronto, ON, Canada
, Standard No. CSA Z662.
23.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China
,
2017
, “
Seismic Technical Code for Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline Engineering
,” China Planning Press, Beijing, China, Standard No. GB/T 50470.
Copyright © 2025 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.