The behavior of crack growth of polymeric materials is affected by several operating conditions such as crosshead speed, specimen thickness, load line, and specimen configurations, which reverse the behavior of crack from stable to unstable crack growth behavior. The main objective of the present paper is the determination of plane strain fracture toughness (KIC) for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) used in piping water transmission systems. The dimensions of the PVC pipe are outside diameter, Do = 315 mm, standard dimensions ratio, SDR = 13.23, ratio between outside to inside radii Ro/Ri = 1.179, and pipe thickness, t = 24 mm. Curved specimens are prepared from a pipe by cutting 12 mm thickness ring segments. The curved specimens are divided into two specimen configurations, namely, curved three-point bend (CTPB) and C-shaped tension (CST) specimens. All specimens are provided artificially with a precrack. CTPB specimen is further cut into five 72 deg sectors with each being centrally notched to a depth approximately a = 0.479 of the wall thickness. CST specimen configuration is characterized by the eccentricity X = 0, and 0.5 W, of the loading holes from the bore surface. The linear elastic fracture mechanics theory (LEFM) is used to predict the plane strain fracture. The tests are carried out at room temperature, Ta equal 20 °C, and different crosshead speeds of (10–500 mm/min). The numerical analysis carried out within the frame of the present work is done using the finite element program Cosmos 2.6. Finite element method (FEM) is used to compute the stress intensity factor KQ surrounding the crack tip. The computed stress intensity factor can then be compared with that obtained by theoretical equation. The experimental fracture test results reveal that the crosshead speed has been proven to affect the mode of failure and mode of fracture. At lower crosshead speeds, the mode of failure is ductile, while at higher crosshead speeds, it is brittle. The specimen configuration also affects the fracture toughness. CST specimens show higher fracture toughness in the case of pin loading location X = 0.5W than X = 0 by about (12%). The transitional crosshead speed is affected by specimen geometry. CST specimens (CST) at X = 0 and 0.5W have higher transitional crosshead speed compared with the CTPB specimen configuration.
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February 2017
Research-Article
Crack Growth Behavior of Pipes Made From Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe Material1
Tarek M. A. A. EL-Bagory,
Tarek M. A. A. EL-Bagory
Mechanical Design Department,
Faculty of Engineering Mataria,
Helwan University,
Cairo El-Mataria,11724, Egypt
e-mail: telbagory@yahoo.com
Faculty of Engineering Mataria,
Helwan University,
Cairo El-Mataria,11724, Egypt
e-mail: telbagory@yahoo.com
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Maher Y. A. Younan
Maher Y. A. Younan
Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies
School of Sciences and Engineering,
The American University in Cairo AUC,
Cairo 11835, Egypt
e-mail: myounan@aucegypt.edu
School of Sciences and Engineering,
The American University in Cairo AUC,
Cairo 11835, Egypt
e-mail: myounan@aucegypt.edu
Search for other works by this author on:
Tarek M. A. A. EL-Bagory
Mechanical Design Department,
Faculty of Engineering Mataria,
Helwan University,
Cairo El-Mataria,11724, Egypt
e-mail: telbagory@yahoo.com
Faculty of Engineering Mataria,
Helwan University,
Cairo El-Mataria,11724, Egypt
e-mail: telbagory@yahoo.com
Maher Y. A. Younan
Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies
School of Sciences and Engineering,
The American University in Cairo AUC,
Cairo 11835, Egypt
e-mail: myounan@aucegypt.edu
School of Sciences and Engineering,
The American University in Cairo AUC,
Cairo 11835, Egypt
e-mail: myounan@aucegypt.edu
2Present address: Assistant Professor, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Engineering College, Majmaah University, P.O. Box 66, Majmaah, Riyadh, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
Contributed by the Pressure Vessel and Piping Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY. Manuscript received November 14, 2015; final manuscript received March 18, 2016; published online August 5, 2016. Assoc. Editor: David L. Rudland.
J. Pressure Vessel Technol. Feb 2017, 139(1): 011404 (17 pages)
Published Online: August 5, 2016
Article history
Received:
November 14, 2015
Revised:
March 18, 2016
Citation
EL-Bagory, T. M. A. A., and Younan, M. Y. A. (August 5, 2016). "Crack Growth Behavior of Pipes Made From Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe Material." ASME. J. Pressure Vessel Technol. February 2017; 139(1): 011404. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4033124
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