Analytically predicted results of blade-vortex interaction (BVI) airloads, using the second- generation comprehensive helicopter analysis system (2GCHAS), are presented with the experimental results obtained from the higher-harmonic-control aeroacoustic rotor test (HART) program using a 40-percent, Mach-scaled model of the hingeless BO-105 main rotor. Correlations include airloads, blade tip deflections, and tip vortex geometry. The effects on blade airload predictions are studied with higher-harmonic pitch controls (HHC). It was concluded that the blade torsional deflection and the wake system play a very important role in predicting BVI airloads.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
1.
Yu, Y. H., Gmelin, B., Heller, H., Philippe, J. J., Mercker, E., and Preisser, J. S., 1994, “HHC Aeroacoustics Rotor Test at the DNW—The Joint German/French/US HART Project,” 20th European Rotorcraft Forum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Oct.
2.
Gmelin, B., Heller, H., Mercker, E., Philippe, J. J., Preisser, J. S., and Yu, Y. H., 1995, “The HART Program, a Quadrilateral Cooperative Research Effort,” American Helicopter Society 51st Annual Forum, Fort Worth, TX, May.
3.
Splettstoesser, W. R., Kube, R., Wagner, W., Seelhorst, U., Boutier, A., Micheli, F., Mercker, E., and Pengel, K., 1997, “Key Results from a Higher Harmonic Control Aeroacoustic Rotor Test (HART) in the German-Dutch Wind Tunnel,” J. Am. Helicopter Soc., 42, No. 1, Jan.
4.
Splettstoesser, W. R., Kube, R., Seelhorst, U., Wagner, W., Boutier, A., Micheli, F., Mercker, E., and Pengel, K., 1995, “Higher Harmonic Control Aeroacoustic Rotor Test (HART)—Test Documentation and Representative Results,” DLR Report No. DLR-IB-129-95/28, Braunschweig, Germany.
5.
Tung, C., Gallman, J., Kube, R., Wagner, W., Van der Wall, B., Brooks, T., Burley, C., Boyd, D., Rahier, G., and Beaumier, P., 1995, “Prediction and Measurement of Blade-Vortex Interaction Loading,” 1st Joint CEAS/AIAA Aero-acoustics Conference, Munich, Germany, June.
6.
Brooks, T., Boyd, D., Jr., Burley, C., and Jolly Jr., R, 1996, “Aeroacoustics Codes for Rotor Harmonic and BVI Noise—CAMRAD.Mod1/HIRES,” 2nd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, State College, PA, May.
7.
Beaumier, P. and Spiegel, P., 1995, “Validation of ONERA Aeroacoustic Prediction Methods for Blade-Vortex Interaction using HART Tests Results,” American Helicopter Society 51st Annual Forum, Fort Worth, TX, May.
8.
Lim, J. W., and Tung, C., 1997, “2GCHAS Prediction of HART Blade-Vortex Interaction Loading,” American Helicopter Society Technical Specialists’ Meeting for Rotocraft Acoustics and Aerodynamics, Williamsburg, VA., Oct.
9.
Wachspress, D. A., and Quackenbush, T. R., 1997, “Wake Model Requirements for Prediction of BVI Airloads,” American Helicopter Society Technical Specialists’ Meeting for Rotorcraft Acoustics and Aerodynamics, Williamsburg, VA., Oct.
10.
Kube, R., Splettstoesser, W. R., Wagner, W., Seelhorst, U., Yu, Y. H., Tung, C., Beaumier, P., Prieur, J., Rahier, G., Spiegel, P., Boutier, A., Brooks, T. F., Burley, C. L., Boyd, D. D., Mercker, E., and Pengel, K., 1996, “HHC Aeroacoustic Rotor Tests in the German Dutch Wind Tunnel: Improving Physical Understanding and Prediction Codes,” American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum, Washington, DC, May.
11.
Beaumier, P., Prieur, J., Rahier, G., Demargne, Tung C., Gallman, J. M., Yu, Y. H., Kube, R., Van der Wall, B. G., Schultz, K. J., Splettstoesser, W. R., Brooks, T. F., Burley, C. L., and Boyd, D. D., 1994, “Effect of Higher Harmonic Control on Helicopter Rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction Noise and Initial Validation,” AGARD Conf. Proc., AGARD-CP-552, Berlin, Germany, Oct., pp. 26.1–26.21.
12.
Anon, 2001, 2GCHAS Theory Manual, Version 3.0, Vols. I and II, U.S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate, Aug.
13.
Johnson, W., 1988, A Comprehensive Analytical Model of Rotorcraft Aerodynamics and Dynamics, Vol. 1—Theory Manual, Johnson Aeronautics, Palo Alto, CA.
14.
Mercker, E., and Pengel, K., 1992, “Flow Visualization of Helicopter Blade Tip Vortices—A Qualitative Technique to Determine the Trajectory and the Position of the Tip Vortex Pattern of a Model Rotor,” 18th European Rotorcraft Forum, Avignon, France, Sept.
Copyright © 2001
by ASME
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