Pure titanium is an ideal material for biomedical implant applications for its superior biocompatibility, but it lacks of the mechanical strength required in these applications compared with titanium alloys. This research is concerned with an innovative laser peening-based material process to improve the mechanical strength and cell attachment property of pure titanium in biomedical applications. Evidence has shown that engineered surface with unsmooth topologies will contribute to the osteoblast differentiation in human mesenchymal pre-osteoblastic cells, which is helpful to avoid long-term peri-abutment inflammation issues for the dental implant therapy with transcutaneous devices. However, surface quality is difficult to control or mechanical strength is not enhanced using conventional approaches. In this paper, a novel high energy pulse laser peening (HEPLP) process is proposed to both improve the mechanical strength and introduce a micropattern into the biomedical implant material of a commercially pure Titanium (cpTi). The strong shock wave generated by HEPLP presses a stainless steel grid, used as a stamp, on cpTi foils to imprint a micropattern. To understand the basic science during the process, the HEPLP induced shock wave pressure profile and history are modeled by a multiphysics hydrodynamic numerical analysis. The micropatterns and strength enhancement are then simulated using a dislocation density-based finite element (FE) framework. Finally, cell culture tests are conducted to investigate the biomedical performance of the patterned surface.
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March 2015
Research-Article
Surface Micropatterning of Pure Titanium for Biomedical Applications Via High Energy Pulse Laser Peening
Ninggang Shen
,
Ninggang Shen
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
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Hongtao Ding
,
Hongtao Ding
1
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
e-mail: hongtao-ding@uiowa.edu
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
e-mail: hongtao-ding@uiowa.edu
1Corresponding author.
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Robert Bowers
,
Robert Bowers
Dows Institute for Dental Research,
College of Dentistry,
College of Dentistry,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
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Yin Yu
,
Yin Yu
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
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Chelsey N. Pence
,
Chelsey N. Pence
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
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Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
,
Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
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Clark M. Stanford
Clark M. Stanford
Dows Institute for Dental Research,
College of Dentistry,
College of Dentistry,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Search for other works by this author on:
Ninggang Shen
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Hongtao Ding
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
e-mail: hongtao-ding@uiowa.edu
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
e-mail: hongtao-ding@uiowa.edu
Robert Bowers
Dows Institute for Dental Research,
College of Dentistry,
College of Dentistry,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Yin Yu
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Chelsey N. Pence
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
Department of Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering,
and Industrial Engineering,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Clark M. Stanford
Dows Institute for Dental Research,
College of Dentistry,
College of Dentistry,
University of Iowa
,Iowa City, IA 52242
Contributed by the Manufacturing Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF MICRO- AND NANO-MANUFACTURING. Manuscript received June 26, 2014; final manuscript received November 20, 2014; published online December 15, 2014. Assoc. Editor: Nicholas Fang.
1Corresponding author.
J. Micro Nano-Manuf. Mar 2015, 3(1): 011005 (8 pages)
Published Online: March 1, 2015
Article history
Received:
June 26, 2014
Revision Received:
November 20, 2014
Online:
December 15, 2014
Citation
Shen, N., Ding, H., Bowers, R., Yu, Y., Pence, C. N., Ozbolat, I. T., and Stanford, C. M. (March 1, 2015). "Surface Micropatterning of Pure Titanium for Biomedical Applications Via High Energy Pulse Laser Peening." ASME. J. Micro Nano-Manuf. March 2015; 3(1): 011005. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4029247
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