This article review uses and advancements of different symbiotic arrangements in industrial ecosystem. A unique industrial park in the town of Kalundborg, Denmark is known as the Kalundborg Symbiosis. It is a community of eight companies that cooperate with each other to everyone’s benefit, because one company’s waste becomes another’s feedstock. The relationship increases efficiency and reduces waste-handling need. The result is an industrial cluster that has reduced its environmental footprint and improved the bottom line of each of the participating companies. There has been a formation of Symbiosis Center Denmark and a national task force that conducted a feasibility study to explore additional opportunities for the Symbiosis concept beyond Kalundborg. The study looked primarily at manufacturing, but it mentioned that other industries, such as food and beverage processing and construction, could also benefit from symbiotic arrangements. The advantages include greater productivity, lower costs, and reduced waste.

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