... pattern schedule run 30% faster on average than conventional pattern search based algorithms on 3D component layout problems and general 2D multimodal surface minimization problems. However since determining the expected change in objective function value due to the patterns is expensive, we explore...

... ). The effect on the objective is quantified as the expected change in objective function value due to the moves of patterns. Computing the actual expected change in objective function is very expensive and offsets the subsequent savings in runtime. The OPS algorithm served the purpose of demonstrating...