The environmental stability of three room temperature cure epoxy adhesives was evaluated following exposure to temperatures of , , and at 95%RH, to in air and soaked in water for up to 90 days. The adhesives contained nano- and microparticles and were especially formulated for bonded-in timber connections, and the properties of bulk adhesives and adhesively bonded block shear specimens were evaluated. After 90 days of aging the results demonstrate critical temperature effects controlled by the glass transition temperature. The apparent free volume for all the adhesives remains constant as moisture is absorbed but plasticization takes place at high temperature and relative humidity, evidenced by the increased elongation and yield observed by strain values and scanning electron microscope. Exposure at in air causes the adhesives to postcure enhancing strength but high humidity causes degradation. Nanofiller additions enhance environmental stability but the addition of microparticles provides better moisture resistance.
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e-mail: zakiahah@hotmail.com
e-mail: m.p.ansell@bath.ac.uk
e-mail: daverotafix@aol.com
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July 2010
Research Papers
Epoxy Adhesives Modified With Nano- and Microparticles for In Situ Timber Bonding: Effect of Environment on Mechanical Properties and Moisture Uptake
Z. Ahmad,
Z. Ahmad
Faculty of Civil Engineering,
e-mail: zakiahah@hotmail.com
University Technology Mara Malaysia
, Shah Alam, Selangor 40450, Malaysia
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M. P. Ansell,
M. P. Ansell
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Research Centre,
e-mail: m.p.ansell@bath.ac.uk
University of Bath
, Avon BA2 7AY, UK
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D. Smedley
e-mail: daverotafix@aol.com
D. Smedley
Rotafix (Northern) Limited
, Rotafix House, Abercraf, Swansea SA9 1UR, UK
Search for other works by this author on:
Z. Ahmad
Faculty of Civil Engineering,
University Technology Mara Malaysia
, Shah Alam, Selangor 40450, Malaysiae-mail: zakiahah@hotmail.com
M. P. Ansell
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Research Centre,
University of Bath
, Avon BA2 7AY, UKe-mail: m.p.ansell@bath.ac.uk
D. Smedley
Rotafix (Northern) Limited
, Rotafix House, Abercraf, Swansea SA9 1UR, UKe-mail: daverotafix@aol.com
J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Jul 2010, 132(3): 031016 (8 pages)
Published Online: June 24, 2010
Article history
Received:
December 12, 2009
Revised:
May 5, 2010
Online:
June 24, 2010
Published:
June 24, 2010
Citation
Ahmad, Z., Ansell, M. P., and Smedley, D. (June 24, 2010). "Epoxy Adhesives Modified With Nano- and Microparticles for In Situ Timber Bonding: Effect of Environment on Mechanical Properties and Moisture Uptake." ASME. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. July 2010; 132(3): 031016. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4001836
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