Graphene oxide (GO) slurries were deposited onto copper foil for use in lithium-ion battery anodes to determine the best deposition method(s) for research or high-volume manufacturing. Four deposition methods were tested: doctor blade, Mayer rod, slot die, and low volume low pressure (LVLP) spray. Analytical models that link tooling and process characteristics to mass flow rate of slurry and the resulting dry deposition height are developed and validated experimentally. While all methods successfully produced functioning batteries, a number of different qualitative and quantitative metrics from experimental results identified the best method for both situations. Observations were recorded on adhesion, deposition consistency, usability, and cleanability. Data on specific discharge capacity were recorded to show performance over the anode lifetime and at different charge/discharge rates. The data indicate that anodes produced using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) deliver a specific charge storage capacity of 50 to 400 mAh/g at charge–discharge rates of 1 C to 0.05 C. Doctor blading proved to be best for laboratory setups because of its adjustability, while the Mayer rod shows promise for high-volume manufacturing due to better performance and the use of nonadjustable, dedicated tooling. All methods, analysis, and metrics are discussed.
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September 2018
Technical Briefs
Analysis of Deposition Methods for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Slurries on Copper Foil
James Garofalo,
James Garofalo
Center for Automation Technologies and Systems,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
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John Lawler,
John Lawler
Center for Automation Technologies and Systems,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
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Daniel Walczyk,
Daniel Walczyk
Center for Automation Technologies and Systems,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
e-mail: [email protected]
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
e-mail: [email protected]
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Nikhil Koratkar
Nikhil Koratkar
Department of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Search for other works by this author on:
James Garofalo
Center for Automation Technologies and Systems,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
John Lawler
Center for Automation Technologies and Systems,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Daniel Walczyk
Center for Automation Technologies and Systems,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
e-mail: [email protected]
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
e-mail: [email protected]
Nikhil Koratkar
Department of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, NY 12180
1Corresponding author.
Manuscript received December 22, 2017; final manuscript received May 3, 2018; published online June 28, 2018. Assoc. Editor: Wayne Cai.
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. Sep 2018, 140(9): 094501 (9 pages)
Published Online: June 28, 2018
Article history
Received:
December 22, 2017
Revised:
May 3, 2018
Citation
Garofalo, J., Lawler, J., Walczyk, D., and Koratkar, N. (June 28, 2018). "Analysis of Deposition Methods for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Slurries on Copper Foil." ASME. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. September 2018; 140(9): 094501. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040265
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