Axially aligned grooves can be formed on the hollow fiber membrane (HFM) inner surface under some controlled fabrication conditions during a typical immersion precipitation-based phase inversion fabrication process. Such grooved HFMs are finding promising medical applications for nerve repair and regeneration. For better nerve regeneration performance, the HFM groove geometry should be carefully controlled. Towards this goal, in this study the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) HFM groove number has been modeled based on the radially inward pressure-induced buckling mechanism. HFM has been modeled as a long six-layer fiber membrane, and the HFM inner skin layer has been treated as a thin-walled elastic cylindrical shell under the shrinkage-induced inward radial pressure. The groove number has been reasonably estimated based on the resulting buckling mode as compared with the experimental measurements.

References

1.
Zhang
,
N.
,
Yan
,
H. H.
, and
Wen
,
X. J.
, 2005, “
Tissue-Engineering Approaches for Axonal Guidance
,”
Brain Res. Rev.
,
49
, pp.
48
64
.
2.
Lu
,
J.
, and
Waite
,
P. M.
, 1999, “
Advances in Spinal Cord Regeneration
,”
Spine
,
24
, pp.
926
930
.
3.
Schwab
,
M. E.
, 2002, “
Repairing the Injured Spinal Cord
,”
Science
,
295
, pp.
1029
1031
.
4.
Schmidt
,
C. E.
, and
Leach
,
J. B.
, 2003, “
Neural Tissue Engineering: Strategies for Repair and Regeneration
,”
Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng.
,
5
, pp.
293
347
.
5.
Vasconcelos
,
B. C.
, and Gay-
Escoda
,
C.
, 2000, “
Facial Nerve Repair With Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene and Collagen Conduits: An Experimental Study in the Rabbit
,”
J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg.
,
58
, pp.
1257
1262
.
6.
Tresco
,
P. A.
, 2000, “
Tissue Engineering Strategies for Nervous System Repair
,”
Prog. Brain Res.
,
128
, pp.
349
363
.
7.
Long
,
Y.
,
Zhang
,
N.
,
Huang
,
Y.
, and
Wen
,
X. J.
, 2008, “
Formation of Highly Aligned Grooves on Inner Surface of Semi-Permeable Hollow Fiber Membrane for Directional Axonal Outgrowth
,”
ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
,
130
(
2
), p.
021011
.
8.
Miller
,
C.
,
Shanks
,
H.
,
Witt
,
A.
,
Rutkowski
,
G.
, and
Mallapragada
,
S.
, 2001, “
Oriented Schwann Cell Growth on Micropatterned Biodegradable Polymer Substrates
,”
Biomaterials
,
22
, pp.
1263
1269
.
9.
Tai
,
H. C.
, and
Buettner
,
H. M.
, 1998, “
Neurite Outgrowth and Growth Cone Morphology on Micropatterned Surfaces
,”
Biotechnol. Prog.
,
14
, pp.
364
370
.
10.
Taylor
,
A. M.
, Blurton-
Jones
,
M.
,
Rhee
,
S. W.
,
Cribbs
,
D. H.
,
Cotman
,
C. W.
, and
Jeon
,
N. L.
, 2005, “
A Microfluidic Culture Platform for CNS Axonal Injury, Regeneration and Transport
,”
Nat. Methods
,
2
(
8
), pp.
599
605
.
11.
Voldman
,
J.
,
Gray
,
M. L.
, and
Schmidt
,
M. A.
, 1999, “
Microfabrication in Biology and Medicine
,”
Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng.
,
1
, pp.
401
425
.
12.
Mulder
,
M.
, 1991,
Basic Principles of Membrane Technology
,
Kluwer Academic Publishers
,
The Netherlands
.
13.
Machado
,
P. S. T.
,
Habert
,
A. C.
, and
Borges
,
C. P.
, 1999, “
Membrane Formation Mechanism Based on Precipitation Kinetics and Membrane Morphology: Flat and Hollow Fiber Polysulfone Membranes
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
155
, pp.
171
183
.
14.
Bonyadi
,
S.
,
Chung
,
T. S.
, and
Krantz
,
W. B.
, 2007, “
Investigation of Corrugation Phenomenon in the Inner Contour of Hollow Fiber During the Non-Solvent Induced Phase-Separation Process
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
299
, pp.
200
210
.
15.
Su
,
Y.
, 2007, “
Theoretical Studies of Hollow Fiber Spinning
,” Ph.D. thesis, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio.
16.
Roesink
,
H. D. W.
, 1989, “
The Influence of Spinning Conditions on the Morphology of Microporous Capollary Membranes
,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
17.
McKelvey
,
S. A.
, 1997, “
A Guide to Establishing Hollow Fiber Macroscopic Properties for Membrane Applications
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
124
, pp.
223
232
.
18.
Pereira
,
C. C.
,
Nobrega
,
R.
, and
Borges
,
C. P.
, 2000, “
Spinning Process Variable and Polymer Solution Effects in the Die-Swell Phenomenon during Hollow Fiber Membranes Formation
,”
Braz. J. Chem. Eng.
,
17
, pp.
599
606
.
19.
Santoso
,
Y. E.
,
Chung
,
T. S.
,
Wang
,
K. Y.
, and
Weber
,
M.
, 2006, “
The Investigation of Irregular Inner Skin Morphology of Hollow Fiber Membranes at High-Speed Spinning and the Solutions to Overcome It
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
282
, pp.
383
392
.
20.
Shi
,
L.
,
Wang
,
R.
,
Cao
,
Y. M.
,
Feng
,
C. S.
,
Liang
,
D. T.
, and
Tay
,
J. H.
, 2007, “
Fabrication of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) Asymmetric Microporous Hollow Fiber Membranes
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
305
, pp.
215
225
.
21.
Yin
,
J.
,
Coutris
,
N.
, and
Huang
,
Y.
, 2011, “
Groove Formation Modeling in Fabricating Hollow Fiber Membrane for Nerve Regeneration
,”
ASME J. Appl. Mech.
,
78
, p.
011017
.
22.
Arnold
,
M.
,
Boccaccini
,
A. R.
, and
Ondracek
,
G.
, 1996, “
Prediction of the Poisson’s Ratio of Porous Materials
,”
J. Mater. Sci.
,
31
, pp.
1643
1646
.
23.
Kardomateas
,
G. A.
, 2001, “
Elasticity Solutions for Sandwich Orthotropic Cylindrical Shells under External/Internal Pressure or Axial Force
,”
AIAA J.
,
39
, pp.
713
719
.
24.
Kardomateas
,
G. A.
, and
Simitses
,
G. J.
, 2005, “
Buckling of Long Sandwich Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure
,”
J. Appl. Mech.
,
72
, pp.
493
499
.
25.
Timoshenko
,
S. P.
, and
Goodier
,
J. N.
, 1970,
Theory of Elasticity
, 3rd ed.,
McGraw-Hill
,
New York.
26.
Wu
,
L. S.
,
Sun
,
J. F.
, and
Wang
,
Q. R.
, 2006, “
Poly (vinylidene fluoride)/Polyethersulfone Blend Membranes: Effect of Solvent Sort, Polythersulfone and Polyvinylpyrrolidone Concentration on Their Properties and Morphology
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
285
, pp.
290
298
.
27.
Menut
,
P.
,
Su
,
Y. S.
,
Chinpa
,
W.
, Pochat-
Bohatier
,
C.
,
Deratani
,
A.
,
Wang
,
D. M.
,
Huguet
,
P.
,
Kuo
,
C. Y.
,
Lai
,
J. Y.
, and
Dupuy
,
C.
, 2008, “
A Top Surface Liquid Layer during Membrane Formation Using Vapor-Induced Phase Separation (VIPS)—Evidence and Mechanism of Formation
,”
J. Membr. Sci.
,
310
, pp.
278
288
.
28.
Timoshenko
,
S. P.
, 1961,
Theory of Elastic Stablity
,
McGraw-Hill
,
New York
.
29.
Cabasso
,
I.
,
Klein
,
E.
, and
Smith
,
J. K.
, 1976, “
Polysulfone Hollow Fibers. I. Spinning and Properties
,
J. Appl. Poly. Sci.
,
20
, pp.
2377
2394
.
30.
Tsai
,
H. A.
,
Huang
,
D. H.
,
Ruaan
,
R. C.
, and
Lai
,
J. Y.
, 2001, “
Mechanical Properties of Asymmetric Polysulfone Membranes Containing Surfactant as Additives
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
,
40
, pp.
5917
5922
.
You do not currently have access to this content.