Nonlinear absorption of femtosecond laser pulses enables the induction of structural changes in the interior of bulk transparent materials without affecting their surface. In the present study, femtosecond laser pulses were tightly focused within the interior of bulk fused silica specimen. Localized plasma was formed, initiating rearrangement of the random network structure. Cross sections of the induced features were examined via decomposition of spatially resolved Raman spectra and a new method for the quantitative characterization of the structure of amorphous fused silica was developed. The proposed method identifies the volume fraction distribution of ring structures within the continuous random network of the probed volume of the target material and changes of the distribution with laser process conditions. Effects of the different process conditions and the material response to different mechanisms of feature generation were discussed as well.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
Keywords:
absorption,
lasers,
Raman spectra,
rings (structures),
silicon,
structural engineering,
transparency
1.
Shirk
, M. D.
, and Molian
, P. A.
, 1998, “A Review of Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Ablation of Materials
,” J. Laser Appl.
1042-346X, 10
(1
), pp. 18
–28
.2.
Stuart
, B. C.
, Feit
, M. D.
, Rubenchik
, A. M.
, Shore
, B. W.
, and Perry
, M. D.
, 1995, “Laser-Induced Damage in Dielectrics With Nanosecond to Subpicosecond Pulses
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
0031-9007, 74
(12
), pp. 2248
–2251
.3.
Jiang
, L.
, and Tsai
, H. L.
, 2003, “Femtosecond Lasers Ablation: Challenges and Opportunities
,” NSF Workshop on Unsolved Problems and Research Needs in Thermal Aspects of Material Removal Processes, Stillwater, OK.4.
Glezer
, E. N.
, Milosavljevic
, M.
, Huang
, L.
, Finlay
, R. J.
, Her
, T. -H.
, Callan
, J. P.
, and Mazur
, E.
, 1996, “Three-Dimensional Optical Storage Inside Transparent Materials
,” Opt. Lett.
0146-9592, 21
(24
), pp. 2023
–2025
.5.
Glezer
, E. N.
, and Mazur
, E.
, 1997, “Ultrafast-Laser Driven Micro-Explosions in Transparent Materials
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
0003-6951, 71
(7
), pp. 882
–884
.6.
Bellouard
, Y.
, Colomb
, T.
, Depeursinge
, C.
, Said
, A. A.
, Dugan
, M.
, and Bado
, P.
, 2006, “Investigation of Femtosecond Laser Irradiation on Fused Silica
,” Proc. SPIE
0277-786X, 6108
, pp. 155
–160
.7.
Schaffer
, C. B.
, Brodeur
, A.
, Garcia
, J. F.
, and Mazur
, E.
, 2001, “Micromachining Bulk Glass by Use of Femtosecond Laser Pulses With Nanojoule Energy
,” Opt. Lett.
0146-9592, 26
(2
), pp. 93
–95
.8.
Schaffer
, C. B.
, Garcia
, J. F.
, and Mazur
, E.
, 2003, “Bulk Heating of Transparent Materials Using a High-Repetition-Rate Femtosecond Laser
,” Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process.
0947-8396, 76
, pp. 351
–354
.9.
Schaffer
, C. B.
, Jamison
, A. O.
, and Mazur
, E.
, 2004, “Morphology of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Structural Changes in Bulk Transparent Materials
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
0003-6951, 84
(9
), pp. 1441
–1443
.10.
Kucheyev
, S. O.
, and Demos
, S. G.
, 2003, “Optical Defects Produced in Fused Silica During Laser-Induced Breakdown
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
0003-6951, 82
(19
), pp. 3230
–3232
.11.
Chan
, J. W.
, Huser
, T.
, Risbund
, S.
, and Krol
, D. M.
, 2001, “Structural Changes in Fused Silica After Exposure to Focused Femtosecond Laser Pulses
,” Opt. Lett.
0146-9592, 26
(21
), pp. 1726
–1728
.12.
Sharma
, S. K.
, Mammone
, J. F.
, and Nicol
, M. F.
, 1981, “Raman Investigation of Ring Configurations in Vitreous Silica
,” Nature (London)
0028-0836, 292
, pp. 140
–141
.13.
Galeener
, F. L.
, and Mikkelsen
, J. C.
, Jr., 1981, “Vibrational Dynamics in O18-Substituted Vitreous SiO2
,” Phys. Rev. B
0556-2805, 23
(10
), pp. 5527
–5530
.14.
Geissberger
, A. E.
, and Galeener
, F. L.
, 1983, “Raman Studies of Vitreous SiO2 Versus Fictive Temperature
,” Phys. Rev. B
0556-2805, 28
(6
), pp. 3266
–3271
.15.
King
, S.
, 1967, “Ring Configurations in a Random Network Model of Vitreous Silica
,” Nature (London)
0028-0836, 213
, pp. 1112
–1113
.16.
Rino
, J. P.
, Ebbsjo
, I.
, Kalia
, R. K.
, Nakano
, A.
, and Vashishta
, P.
, 1993, “Structure of Rings in Vitreous SiO2
,” Phys. Rev. B
0556-2805, 47
(6
), pp. 3053
–3062
.17.
Bell
, R. J.
, and Dean
, P.
, 1966, “Properties of Vitreous Silica: Analysis of Random Network Models
,” Nature (London)
0028-0836, 212
, pp. 1354
–1356
.18.
Vashishta
, P.
, Kalia
, R. K.
, Rino
, J. P.
, and Ebbsjö
, I.
, 1990, “Interaction Potential for SiO2: A Molecular-Dynamics Study of Structural Correlations
,” Phys. Rev. B
0556-2805, 41
(17
), pp. 12197
–12209
.19.
Galeener
, F. L.
, Barrio
, R. A.
, Martinez
, E.
, and Elliot
, R. J.
, 1984, “Vibrational Decoupling of Rings in Amorphous Solids
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
0031-9007, 53
(25
), pp. 2429
–2432
.20.
Sen
, P. N.
, and Thorpe
, M. F.
, 1977, “Phonons in AX2 Glasses: From Molecular to Band-Like Modes
,” Phys. Rev. B
0556-2805, 15
(8
), pp. 4030
–4038
.21.
Galeener
, F. L.
, 1982, “Planar Rings in Glasses
,” Solid State Commun.
0038-1098, 44
(7
), pp. 1037
–1040
.22.
Galeener
, F. L.
, 1979, “Band Limits and the Vibrational Spectra of Tetrahedral Glasses
,” Phys. Rev. B
0556-2805, 19
(8
), pp. 4292
–4297
.23.
Galeener
, F. L.
, and Lucovsky
, G.
, 1976, “Longitudinal Optical Vibrations in Glasses- GeO2 and SiO2
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
0031-9007, 37
(22
), pp. 1474
–1478
.24.
Marshall
, A. G.
, and Verdun
, F. R.
, 1990, Fourier Transforms in NMR, Optical and Mass Spectrometry
, Elsevier
, Amsterdam
.25.
Pasquarello
, A.
, and Car
, R.
, 1998, “Identification of Raman Defect Lines as Signatures of Ring Structures in Vitreous Silica
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
0031-9007, 80
(23
), pp. 5145
–5147
.26.
Vukelić
, S.
, Kongsuwan
, P.
, and Yao
, Y. L.
, 2010, “Ultrafast Laser Induced Structural Modification of Fused Silica—Part I: Feature Formation Mechanisms
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
1087-1357, 132
(6
), p. 061012
.27.
Skuja
, L. N.
, and Silin
, A. R.
, 1982, “A Model for the Non-Bridging Oxygen Center in Fused Silica
,” Phys. Status Solidi A
0031-8965, 70
, pp. 43
–49
.28.
Reichman
, W.
, Chan
, J. W.
, and Krol
, D. M.
, 2003, “Confocal Fluorescence and Raman Microscopy of Femtosecond Laser-Modified Fused Silica
,” J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
0953-8984, 15
, pp. S2447
–S2456
.29.
Meier
, R. J.
, 2005, “On Art and Science in Curve-Fitting Vibrational Spectra
,” Vib. Spectrosc.
0924-2031, 39
(2
), pp. 266
–269
.30.
Hughes
, M.
, Hewak
, D. W.
, and Curry
, R. J.
, 2007, “Concentration Dependence of the Fluorescence Decay Profile in Transition Metal Doped Chalcogenide Glass
,” Proc. SPIE
0277-786X, 6469
, p. 64690D
.31.
Griscom
, D. L.
, 1991, “Optical Properties and Structure of Defects in Silica Glass
,” J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn.
0914-5400, 99
(10
), pp. 923
–942
.Copyright © 2010
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
