This paper focuses on the parametric modeling and optimization of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for the deposition of thin films of silicon from silane in a vertical impinging CVD reactor. The parametric modeling using radial basis function for various functions, which is related to the deposition rate and uniformity of the thin films, is studied. These models are compared and validated with additional sampling data. Based on the parametric models, different optimization formulations for maximizing the deposition rate and the working areas of thin film are performed.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
1.
Mahajan
, R. L.
, 1996, “Transport Phenomena in Chemical Vapor-Deposition Systems
,” Adv. Heat Transfer
0065-2717, 28
, pp. 339
–425
.2.
Breiland
, W. G.
, and Coltrin
, M. E.
, 1990, “Si Deposition Rates in a Two-Dimensional CVD Reactor and Comparisons With Model Calculations
,” J. Electrochem. Soc.
0013-4651, 137
, pp. 2313
–2319
.3.
Gardeniers
, J. G. E.
, Maas
, W. E. J. R.
, Van Meerten
, R. Z. C.
, and Giling
, L. J.
, 1989, “Influence of Temperature on the Crystal Habit of Silicon in the Si–H–Cl CVD System: I. Experimental Results
,” J. Cryst. Growth
0022-0248, 96
, pp. 821
–842
.4.
Cheng
, H. -E.
, Chiang
, M. -J.
, and Han
, M. -H.
, 1995, “Growth Characteristics and Properties of TiN Coating by Chemical Vapor Deposition
,” J. Electrochem. Soc.
0013-4651, 142
, pp. 1573
–1578
.5.
Creighton
, J. R.
, and Parmeter
, J. E.
, 1993, “Metal CVD for Microelectronic Applications: An Examination of Surface Chemistry and Kinetics
,” Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci.
1040-8436, 18
, pp. 175
–238
.6.
Gladfelter
, W. L.
, 1993, “Selective Metallization by Chemical Vapor Deposition
,” Chem. Mater.
, 5
, pp. 1372
–1388
. 0897-47567.
Hintermann
, H. E.
, 1996, “Advances and Development in CVD Technology
,” Mater. Sci. Eng., A
0921-5093 209
, pp. 366
–371
.8.
Evans
, G.
, and Greif
, R.
, 1987, “A Numerical Model of the Flow and Heat Transfer in a Rotating Disk Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 109
, pp. 928
–935
. 0022-14819.
Fotiadis
, D. I.
, Boekholt
, M.
, Jensen
, K. F.
, and Richter
, W.
, 1990, “Flow and Heat Transfer in CVD Reactors: Comparison of Raman Temperature Measurements and Finite Element Predictions
,” J. Cryst. Growth
0022-0248, 100
, pp. 577
–599
.10.
Dimitrios
, I.
, Kremer
, A. M.
, McKenna
, D. R.
, and Jensen
, K. F.
, 1987, “Complex Flow Phenomena in Vertical MOCVD Reactors: Effects on Deposition Uniformity and Interface Abruptness
,” J. Cryst. Growth
0022-0248, 85
, pp. 154
–164
.11.
Karki
, K. C.
, Sathyamurthy
, P. S.
, and Patankar
, S. V.
, 1993, “Laminar Flow Over a Confined Heated Disk: Effect of Buoyancy and Rotation
,” HTD (Am. Soc. Mech. Eng.)
0272-5673, 241
, pp. 73
–81
.12.
Karki
, K. C.
, Sathyamurthy
, P. S.
, and Patankar
, S. V.
, 1993, “Three-Dimensional Mixed Convection in a Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 115
, pp. 803
–806
.13.
Moffat
, H.
, and Jensen
, K. F.
, 1986, “Complex Flow Phenomena in MOCVD Reactors: I. Horizontal Reactors
,” J. Cryst. Growth
0022-0248, 77
, pp. 108
–119
.14.
Ouazzani
, J.
, and Rosenberger
, F.
, 1990, “Three-Dimensional Modeling of Horizontal Chemical Vapor Deposition I. MOCVD at Atmospheric Pressure
,” J. Cryst. Growth
0022-0248, 100
, pp. 545
–576
.15.
Visser
, E. P.
, Kleijn
, C. R.
, Govers
, C. A. M.
, Hoogendoorn
, C. J.
, and Giling
, L. J.
, 1989, “Return Flows in Horizontal MOCVD Reactors Studied With the Use of TiO2 Particle Injection and Numerical Calculations
,” J. Cryst. Growth
0022-0248, 94
, pp. 929
–946
.16.
Jensen
, K. F.
, Einset
, E. O.
, and Fotiadis
, D. I.
, 1991, “Flow Phenomena in Chemical Vapor Deposition of Thin Films
,” Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
, 23
, pp. 197
–232
. 0066-418917.
Kee
, R. J.
, Ting
, A.
, and Spence
, P. A.
, 1995, “Understanding and Improving Materials Processing Through Interpreting and Manipulating Predictive Models
,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc.
0272-9172, 363
, pp. 3
–14
.18.
Raja
, L. L.
, Kee
, R. J.
, Serban
, R.
, and Petzold
, L. R.
, 2000, “Computational Algorithm for Dynamic Optimization of Chemical Vapor Deposition Processes in Stagnation Flow Reactors
,” J. Electrochem. Soc.
0013-4651, 147
, pp. 2718
–2726
.19.
Southwell
, R. P.
, Mendicino
, M. A.
, and Seebauer
, E. G.
, 1996, “Optimization of Selective TiSi2 Chemical Vapor Deposition by Mechanistic Chemical Kinetics
,” J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
0734-2101, 14
, pp. 928
–934
.20.
Mouche
, M. -J.
, Mermet
, J. -L.
, Pires
, F.
, Richard
, E.
, Torres
, J.
, Palleau
, J.
, and Braud
, F.
, 1995, “Process Optimization of Copper MOCVD Using Modeling Experimental Design
,” Appl. Surf. Sci.
0169-4332, 91
, pp. 129
–133
.21.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, Jaluria
, Y.
, and Glumac
, N. G.
, 2002, “Control of Thin Film Growth in Chemical Vapor Deposition Manufacturing Systems: A Feasibility Study
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
1087-1357, 124
, pp. 715
–724
.22.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, Jaluria
, Y.
, and Glumac
, N. G.
, 2000, “Numerical Simulation of Chemical Vapor Deposition Processes Under Variable and Constant Property Approximations
,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A
1040-7782, 37
(2
), pp. 113
–132
.23.
Wang
, Q.
, Yoo
, H.
, and Jaluria
, Y.
, 2003, “Convection in a Horizontal Duct Under Constant and Variable Property Formulations
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 46
, pp. 297
–310
.24.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, Richards
, C. J.
, and Jaluria
, Y.
, 2000, “Flow Structure and Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Converging Channel Heated From Below
,” Phys. Fluids
1070-6631, 12
, pp. 2128
–2136
.25.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, Richards
, C. J.
, and Jaluria
, Y.
, 2001, “Experimental and Numerical Study of Conjugate Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Channel Heated From Below
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 123
, pp. 688
–697
.26.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, and Jaluria
, Y.
, 1999, “Effect of Buoyancy, Susceptor Motion, and Conjugate Transport in Chemical Vapor Deposition Systems
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 121
, pp. 757
–761
.27.
FLUENT 6.1 Documentation, Fluent Inc., Lebanon, NH.
28.
Mixture database, FLUENT 6.2.16, Fluent Inc., Lebanon, NH.
29.
Patankar
, S. V.
, 1980, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow
, Hemisphere
, New York
.30.
Eversteyn
, F. C.
, Severin
, P. J. W.
, van den Brekel
, C. H. J.
, and Peek
, H. L.
, 1970, “A Stagnant Layer Model for the Epitaxial Growth of Silicon From Silane on a Horizontal Reactor
,” J. Electrochem. Soc.
0013-4651, 117
, pp. 925
–931
.31.
Rebenne
, H. E.
, and Bhat
, D. G.
, 1994, “Review of CVD TiN Coatings for Wear-Resistant Applications: Deposition Processes, Properties and Performance
,” Surf. Coat. Technol.
0257-8972, 63
, pp. 1
–13
.32.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, 1999, “Simulation, Design and Optimization of Chemical Vapor Deposition Systems for Advanced Materials
,” Ph.D. thesis, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick.33.
Chiu
, W. K. S.
, and Jaluria
, Y.
, 1999, “Continuous Chemical Vapor Deposition Processing With a Moving Finite Thickness Susceptor
,” J. Mater. Res.
, 15
, pp. 317
–328
. 0884-291434.
Mahajan
, R. L.
, and Wei
, C.
, 1991, “Buoyancy, Soret, Dufour, and Variable Property Effects in Silicon Epitaxy
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 113
, pp. 688
–695
.35.
Yoo
, H.
, and Jaluria
, Y.
, 2002, “Thermal Aspects in the Continuous Chemical Vapor Deposition in Silicon
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 124
, pp. 938
–946
.36.
Joanes
, D. N.
, and Gill
, C. A.
, 1998, “Comparing Measures of Sample Skewness and Kurtosis
,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician
0039-0526), 47
(1
), pp. 183
–189
.37.
Giesl
, P.
, 2007, Construction of Global Lyapunov Functions Using Radial Basis Functions
, Springer-Verlag
, Berlin
.Copyright © 2009
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.