Abstract
In this paper, a method of intensive quenching in water salt solutions, known as the IQ-2 process, is considered. To realize the IQ-2 process, water salt solutions were used, including with NaNO3, Na2CO3, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, Ca(OH)2, and others salts. It is shown that the effectiveness of intensive quenching can be improved via the use of water salt solutions of optimal concentration. In order to prevent the corrosion of steel parts, a small amount of Ca(OH)2 was added to water salt solutions of sodium and calcium chloride to create a pH of 8 to 12. The proposed technology is less expensive compared to conventional quenching methods while providing the same or better end results in terms of increasing the service life of steel parts and tools and components made of powder metal materials. It is shown that the intensive quenching of tools by water salt solutions of optimal concentration increases the service life of tools by 1.5 to 2 times as compared with the oil quenching process.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, and Grankin
, V. I.
, “Cooling Media for Quenching of Steel Parts
,” USSR Certificate No. 1340166, File No. 4020742/22-02, Ukrainian Patent No. 4005, Bulletin 6-1 (1994
).2.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Alloy Steel Quenching Method
,” File No. 95020715, Ukrainian Patent No. 27059 (Feb 17, 1995
).3.
Mazurenko
, E. A.
, Gerasymchuk
, A. I.
, Medvedev
, A. M.
, “Prevention from High Temperature Corrosion of Carbon Steels, Titanium Alloys and Non-ferrous Alloys
,” The 7th International Scientific Conference: Equipment and Technology of Heat Treatment of Metals and Alloys in Engineering
, Kharkov, April 24–28, 2006
, National Science Centre “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology,” Kharkov
, Ukraine
p. 15.4.
Variukhin
, V. A.
, Domrachev
, G. A.
, Obyedkov
, A. M.
, Mazurenko
, E. A.
, Gerasymchuk
, A. I.
, and Medvedev
, A. M.
, “Method for Protecting Components Made of Steels and Alloys during High Temperature Treatment
,” RU Patent No. 2 354 713 C1, Application No. 2007137717/02 (filed Nov 10, 2007
).5.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, Moskalenko
, A. A.
, Mazurenko
, E. A.
, and Medvedev
, A. M.
, “Intensive Quenching of Tools in Water Salt Solutions
,” Computers and Simulation in Modern Science
, N.
Mastorakis
, M.
Demiralp
, V. M.
Mladenov
, and A.
Zaharim
, Eds., Vol. 5
, WSEAS Press
, Athens, Greece
, 2011
, pp. 136
–141
.6.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, Moskalenko
, A. A.
, Mazurenko
, E. A.
, and Medvedev
, A. M.
, “Intensive Quenching of Tools in Water Salt Solutions
,” New Aspects of Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer & Environment
, N.
Mastorakis
, V.
Mladenov
, and Z.
Bojkovich
, Eds., WSEAS Press
, Athens, Greece
, 2010
, pp. 320
–325
.7.
Moskalenko
, A. A.
, Kobasko
, N. I.
, Protsenko
, L. M.
, and Rasumtseva
, O. V.
, “Acoustical System Analyzes the Cooling Characteristics of Water and Water Salt Solutions
,” Proceedings of the 7th IASME/WSEAS International Conference on Heat Transfer
, Thermal Engineering and Environment (HTE’09), Moscow, Aug. 20–22, 2009
, WSEAS Press
, Athens
, pp. 117
–122
.8.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, Quenching Media, Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka
, VINITI
, Moscow, Russia
, 1989
, pp. 127
–166
.9.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Steel Superstrengthening Phenomenon, Part I
,” Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol.
, Vol. 24
, No. 1–4
, 2005
, pp. 361
–374
. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMPT.2005.00796110.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Steel Superstrengthening Phenomenon
,” J. ASTM Int.
, Vol. 2, No. 1
, 2005
, paper ID JAI12824.11.
Aronov
, M. A.
, Kobasko
, N. I.
, and Powell
, J. A.
, “Basic Principals and Metallurgy of Intensive Quenching Methods
,” IFHTSE 2002 Congress
, Columbus, OH, Oct 7–10, 2002
, International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering (IFHTSE)
, London
, pp. 96
–103
.12.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, Aronov
, M. A.
, Powell
, J. A.
, and Totten
, G. E.
, Intensive Quenching Systems: Engineering and Design
, ASTM International
, West Conshohocken, PA
, 2010
.13.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, Moskalenko
, A. A.
, Totten
, G. E.
, and Webster
, G. M.
, “Experimental Determination of the First and Second Critical Heat Flux Densities and Quench Process Characterization
,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
, Vol. 6
, No. 1
, 1997
, pp. 93
–101
. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-997-0037-914.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Intensive Steel Quenching Methods
,” Quenching Theory and Technology
, 2nd ed., B.
Liscic
London, H. M.
Tensi
, L. C. F.
Canale
, and G. E.
Totten
, Eds., CRC
, New York
, 2010
, pp. 400
–459
.15.
Frenkel
, Ya. I.
, Kinetic Theory of Liquids, Selected Works
, Vol. 3
, AN USSR
, Moscow/Leningrad, Russia
, 1959
(in Russian).16.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Thermal Processes in Quenching of Steel
,” Metal Science and Heat Treatment
, Vol. 10
, No. 3
, 1968
, pp. 302
–308
. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0066684917.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Self-regulated Thermal Processes during Quenching of Steels in Liquid Media
,” International Journal of Microstructure and Materials Properties
, Vol. 1
, No. 1
, 2005
, pp. 110
–125
. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMMP.2005.00813518.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Intensive Steel Quenching Methods
,” Handbook: Theory and Technology of Quenching
, B.
Liscic
, H. M.
Tensi
, and W.
Luty
, Eds. Springer-Verlag
, Berlin
, 1992
, pp. 367
–389
.19.
Kobasko
, N. I.
, “Quenching Apparatus and Method for Hardening Steel Parts
,” U.S. Patent No. 6,364,974 (April 2, 2002
).20.
Nicolaides
, L.
, Mandelis
, A.
, and Beingessner
, C. J.
, “Physical Mechanisms of Thermal-Diffusivity Depth-Profile Generation in a Hardened Low-Alloy Mn, Si, Cr, Mo Steel Reconstructed by Photothermal Radiometry
,” J. Appl. Phys.
, Vol. 89
, No. 12
, 2001
, pp. 7879
–7884
. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.137369821.
Povsten
, S. G.
, Kobasko
, N. I.
, Moskalenko
, A. A.
, and Tyltin
, A. A.
, “On the Use of Monitoring Noise Effects for Realization of New Steel Quenching Methods
,” Proceedings of the VIIth International Congress on Heat Treatment
, Moscow, Dec 11–14, 1990
, Congress of IFHTSE, p. 199.22.
Kichigin
, A. M.
, Kobasko
, N. I.
, Povsten
, S. G.
, Tyltin
, A. A.
, and Timchenko
, N. P.
, “Method for Control of Steel Parts Heat Treatment
,” Certificate SU 1595928 A1, Bulletin of Invention No. 36, 1990
.23.
Grum
, J.
, and Božič
, S.
, “Acoustic Emission during Quenching of 42CrMo4 Steel
,” Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Quenching and the Control of Distortion
, Beijing Xi Hotel, May 20–23, 2003
, Chinese Heat Treatment Society (CHTS) and Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES)
, Beijing, China
, pp. 267
–272
.24.
Ravnik
, F.
, and Grum
, J.
, “Heat Transfer Stages Recognition by Boiling Acoustic during Quenching
,” Film and Nucleate Boiling Processes, STP 1534
, ASTM International
, West Conshohocken, PA
, 2011
.
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.
