Heat transfer and pressure loss measurements were obtained simultaneously for a range of wood pulp fiber suspensions flowing in a pipeline. Data were obtained over a selected range of flow rates and temperatures from a specially built flow loop. It was found that the magnitude of the heat transfer coefficient was above water at equivalent experimental conditions and at very low fiber concentrations, but progressively decreased until it was below water at slightly higher concentrations. Similar trends were obtained for the pressure drop measurements obtained simultaneously, showing good correspondence between the two sets of data. It was found that both heat and momentum transfer are affected in a closely similar way by varying fiber properties, such as fiber length, fiber flexibility, fiber chemical and mechanical treatment, the variation of fibers from different parts of the tree, as well as the different pulping methods used to liberate the fibers from the wood structure. Drag reduction increased and heat transfer coefficient decreased with increasing fiber flexibility as found by previous workers.
Issue Section:
Porous Media
References
1.
Duffy
, G. G.
, Titchener
, A. L.
, Lee
, P. F. W.
, and Moller
, K.
, 1978
, “Mechanisms of Flow of Pulp Suspensions in Pipes
,” Appita
, 25
(5
), pp. 363
–370
.2.
Duffy
, G. G.
, and Lee
, P. F. W.
, 1978
, “Drag Reduction in the Turbulent Flow of Wood Pulp Suspensions
,” Appita
, 31
(4
), pp. 280
–286
.3.
Reynolds
, O.
, 1901
, Scientific Papers
, Vol. 1
, Cambridge University Press
, London
.4.
Bobkowicz
, A. J.
, and Gauvin
, W. H.
, 1965
, “The Turbulent Flow Characteristics of Model Fibre Suspensions
,” Can. J. Chem. Eng.
, 43
(2
), pp. 87
–91
.10.1002/cjce.54504302105.
Kerekes
, R. J. E.
, and Douglas
, W. J. M.
, 1972
, “Viscosity Properties of Suspensions at the Limited Conditions for Turbulent Drag Reduction
,” Can. J. Chem. Eng.
, 50
(2
), pp. 228
–235
.10.1002/cjce.54505002156.
Radin
, I.
, Zakin
, J. L.
, and Patterson
, G. K.
, 1975
, “Drag Reduction in Solid-Fluid Systems
,” AIChE J.
, 21
(2
), pp. 358
–371
.10.1002/aic.6902102187.
Robertson
, A. A.
, and Mason
, S. G.
, 1957
, “The Flow Characteristics of Dilute Fibre Suspensions
,” Tappi
, 40
(5
), p. 326
.8.
Bobkowicz
, A. J.
, and Gauvin
, W. H.
, 1965
, “The Turbulent Flow Characteristics of Model Fibre Suspensions
,” Can. J. Chem. Eng.
, 43
(2
), pp. 87
–91
.10.1002/cjce.54504302109.
Seely
, T.
, 1968
, “Turbulent Tube Flow of Dilute Fiber Suspensions,” Ph.D. dissertation, The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, WI.10.
Panigrahi
, P.
, 1967
, “Frictional Loss in the Flow of Fibre Suspensions in Pipes
,” IPPTA J.
, 4
(3
), pp. T113
–T114
.11.
Lee
, P. F. W.
, and Duffy
, G. G.
, 1977
, “An Analysis of the Transition Regime of Fibre Suspension Flow in Pipes
,” Can. J. Chem. Eng.
, 55
(3
), pp. 361
–363
.10.1002/cjce.545055032212.
Middis
, J.
, Muller-Steinhagen
, H. M.
, and Duffy
, G. G.
, 1994
, “Heat Transfer and Frictional Pressure Drop Characteristics of Model Nylon Fibre Suspensions
,” Appita J.
, 47
(2
), pp. 154
–158
.13.
Kazi
, S. N.
, Duffy
, G. G.
, and Chen
, X. D.
, 1999
, “Heat Transfer in the Drag Reducing Regime of Wood Pulp Fibre Suspensions
,” Chem. Eng. J.
, 73
(3
), pp. 247
–253
.10.1016/S1385-8947(99)00047-914.
Kazi
, S. N.
, Duffy
, G. G.
, and Chen
, X. D.
, 2014
, “Validation of Heat Transfer and Friction Loss Data for Fibre Suspensions in a Circular and a Coaxial Pipe Heat Exchanger
,” Int. J. Therm. Sci.
, 79
(1), pp. 146
–160
.10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2014.01.00115.
Duffy
, G. G.
, Kazi
, S. N.
, and Chen
, X. D.
, 2000
, “Heat Transfer Coefficient-A New Way to Monitor Wood Pulp Quality
,” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Appita Conference
, Melbourne, Australia
, Apr. 3–6, Paper No. 4B12, pp. 605
–613
.16.
Duffy
, G. G.
, Kazi
, S. N.
, and Chen
, X. D.
, 2002
, “Monitoring Pulp Fibre Quality by Frictional Pressure Drop Measurement
,” Proceedings of 56th Annual Appita Conference
, Rotorua, New Zealand
, Mar. 18–20, Paper No. 1B42, pp. 119
–126
.17.
Jianzhong
, L.
, Weifeng
, Z.
, and Zhaosheng
, Y.
, 2004
, “Numerical Research on the Orientation Distribution of Fibers Immersed in Laminar and Turbulent Pipe Flows
,” Aerosol Sci.
, 35
(1
), pp. 63
–82
.10.1016/S0021-8502(03)00388-418.
Lin
, J.
, Shi
, X.
, and Yu
, Z.
, 2003
, “The Motion of Fibers in an Evolving Mixing Layer
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
, 29
(8
), pp. 1355
–1372
.10.1016/S0301-9322(03)00086-719.
Lin
, J.
, Zhang
, L.
, and Zhang
, W.
, 2006
, “Rheological Behavior of Fiber Suspensions in a Turbulent Channel Flow
,” J. Colloid Interface Sci.
, 296
(2
), pp. 721
–728
.10.1016/j.jcis.2005.09.03820.
Lin
, J. Z.
, Gao
, Z. Y.
, Zhou
, K.
, and Chan
, T. L.
, 2006
, “Mathematical Modeling of Turbulent Fiber Suspension and Successive Iteration Solution in the Channel Flow
,” Appl. Math. Modell.
, 30
(9
), pp. 1010
–1020
.10.1016/j.apm.2005.08.00521.
Lu
, Z.
, Khoo
, B. C.
, Dou
, H.-S.
, Phan-Thien
, N.
, and Yeo
, K. S.
, 2006
, “Numerical Simulation of Fibre Suspension Flowthrough an Axisymmetric Contraction and Expansion Passages by Brownian Configuration Field Method
,” Chem. Eng. Sci.
, 61
(15
), pp. 4998
–5009
.10.1016/j.ces.2006.03.05122.
Zhenjiang
, Y.
, Jianzhong
, L.
, and Zhaosheng
, Y.
, 2004
, “Hydrodynamic Instability of Fiber Suspensions in Channel Flows
,” Fluid Dyn. Res.
, 34
(4
), pp. 251
–271
.10.1016/j.fluiddyn.2004.01.00223.
Olson
, J. A.
, and Kerekes
, R. J.
, 1998
, “The Motion of Fibers in Turbulent Flow
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 377
, pp. 47
–64
.10.1017/S002211209800297324.
Dinh
, S. M.
, and Armstrong
, R. C.
, 1984
, “A Rheological Equation of State for Semiconcentrated Fiber Suspensions
,” J. Rheol.
, 28
(3
), pp. 207
–227
.10.1122/1.54974825.
Chaouche
, M.
, and Koch
, D. L.
, 2001
, “Rheology of Non-Brownian Rigid Fiber Suspensions With Adhesive Contacts
,” J. Rheol.
, 45
(2
), pp. 369
–382
.10.1122/1.134387626.
Ramazani
, S. A.
, Ait-Kadi
, A.
, and Grmela
, M.
, 2001
, “Rheology of Fiber Suspensions in Viscoelastic Media: Experiments and Model Predictions
,” J. Rheol.
, 45
(4
), pp. 945
–961
.10.1122/1.137802627.
Colebrook
, C. F.
, 1939
, “Turbulent Flow in Pipes With Particular Reference to the Transition Region Between the Smooth and Rough Pipes Laws
,” J. Inst. Civ. Eng.
, 11
(4
), pp. 133
–156
.10.1680/ijoti.1939.1315028.
Martinelli
, R. C.
, 1947
, “Heat Transfer to Molten Metals
,” ASME Trans.
, 69
, pp. 947
–959
.29.
Middis
, J.
, 1994
, “Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop For Flowing Wood Pulp Fibre Suspensions
,” Ph.D. thesis, Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.30.
Kazi
, S. N.
, Duffy
, G. G.
, and Chen
, X. D.
, 1998
, “Heat Transfer to Fibre Suspensions
,” IPENZ Conference
, Auckland, New Zealand
, Vol. 5, pp. 91–96.31.
Duffy
, G. G.
, Kazi
, S. N.
, and Chen
, X. D.
, 2000
, “New Way to Monitor Wood Pulp Fibre Quality Using Heat Transfer Coefficient
,” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Appita Conference, Melbourne, Australia, Apr. 3–6, Paper No. 4B, 2, pp. 605–614.32.
Leena
, P.
, 1993
, “Conformability-Flexibility- and Collapsibility- of Sulphate Pulp Fibres
,” Pap. Puu
, 75
(9–10
), pp. 689
–701
.33.
Mohlin
, U. B.
, 1975
, “Cellulose Fibre Bonding. Part 5. Conformability of Pulp Fibres
,” Sven. Papperstidn.
, 78
(11
), pp. 412
–416
.34.
Kibblewhite
, R. P.
, 1972
, “Effect of Beating on Fibre Morphology and Fibre Surface Structure
,” Appita
, 26
(3
), pp. 196
–201
.35.
Eissa
, Y. Z.
, Naito
, T.
, Usuda
, M.
, and Kadoya
, T.
, 1983
, “Flow Resistance of Rotating Dilute Fibre Suspensions
,” Role of Fundamental Research in Paper Making
, British Paper and Board Markers' Association
, Watlington, UK
.36.
Schniewind
, A. P.
, Ifju
, G.
, and Brink
, D. L.
, 1966
, “Effect of Drying on the Flexural Rigidity of Single Fibres
,” Consolidation of the Paper Web
, British Paper and Board Markers' Association
, Watlington, UK
.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
