Numerical simulations of Al2O3/water nanofluid in turbulent pipe flow are performed with considering the particle convection, diffusion, coagulation, and breakage. The distributions of particle volume concentration, the friction factor, and heat transfer characteristics are obtained. The results show that the initial uniform distributions of particle volume concentration become nonuniform, and increase from the pipe wall to the center. The nonuniformity becomes significant along the flow direction from the entrance and attains a steady state gradually. Friction factors increase with the increase of particle volume concentrations and particle diameter, and with the decrease of Reynolds number. The friction factors increase remarkably at lower volume concentration, while slightly at higher volume concentration. The presence of nanoparticles provides higher heat transfer than pure water. The Nusselt number of nanofluids increases with increasing Reynolds number, particle volume concentration, and particle diameter. The rate increase in Nusselt number at lower particle volume concentration is more than that at higher concentration. For a fixed particle volume concentration, the friction factor is smaller while the Nusselt number is larger for the case with uniform distribution of particle volume concentration than that with nonuniform distribution. In order to effectively enhance the heat transfer using nanofluid and simultaneously save energy, it is necessary to make the particle distribution more uniform. Finally, the expressions of friction factor and Nusselt number as a function of particle volume concentration, particle diameter and Reynolds number are derived based on the numerical data.
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November 2014
This article was originally published in
Journal of Heat Transfer
Research-Article
Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer of Nanofluid in Turbulent Pipe Flow Considering Particle Coagulation and Breakage
Jian-Zhong Lin,
Jian-Zhong Lin
1
State Key Laboratory of Fluid
Power Transmission and Control,
Power Transmission and Control,
Zhejiang University
,Hangzhou 310027
, China
Institute of Fluid Mechanics,
e-mail: jzlin@zjuem.zju.edu.cn
China Jiliang University
,Hangzhou 310018
, China
e-mail: jzlin@zjuem.zju.edu.cn
1Corresponding author.
Search for other works by this author on:
Yi Xia,
Yi Xia
State Key Laboratory of Fluid
Power Transmission and Control,
Power Transmission and Control,
Zhejiang University
,Hangzhou 310027
, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Xiao-Ke Ku
Xiao-Ke Ku
Department of Energy and Process Engineering,
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
,Trondheim
, Norway
Search for other works by this author on:
Jian-Zhong Lin
State Key Laboratory of Fluid
Power Transmission and Control,
Power Transmission and Control,
Zhejiang University
,Hangzhou 310027
, China
Institute of Fluid Mechanics,
e-mail: jzlin@zjuem.zju.edu.cn
China Jiliang University
,Hangzhou 310018
, China
e-mail: jzlin@zjuem.zju.edu.cn
Yi Xia
State Key Laboratory of Fluid
Power Transmission and Control,
Power Transmission and Control,
Zhejiang University
,Hangzhou 310027
, China
Xiao-Ke Ku
Department of Energy and Process Engineering,
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
,Trondheim
, Norway
1Corresponding author.
Contributed by the Heat Transfer Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER. Manuscript received April 30, 2014; final manuscript received August 13, 2014; published online September 16, 2014. Assoc. Editor: Andrey Kuznetsov.
J. Heat Transfer. Nov 2014, 136(11): 111701 (9 pages)
Published Online: September 16, 2014
Article history
Received:
April 30, 2014
Revision Received:
August 13, 2014
Citation
Lin, J., Xia, Y., and Ku, X. (September 16, 2014). "Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer of Nanofluid in Turbulent Pipe Flow Considering Particle Coagulation and Breakage." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. November 2014; 136(11): 111701. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028325
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