The pressure drop and the convective heat transfer characteristics of ethanol and water in a circular tube with a diameter of with and without phase change have been studied experimentally. The test section consists of a glass tube coated with a transparent indium tin oxide heater film. For single-phase liquid flow (including superheated liquid) it was found that the measured Nusselt numbers and friction factors are in good agreement with the theoretical values expected from Poiseuille flow. Subsequently, the boiling heat transfer of ethanol was studied. It was found that boiling with bubble growth in both upstream and downstream directions leaving behind a thin evaporating liquid film on the tube wall is the dominant phase change process. Wavy patterns on the film surface indicate shear forces between vapor and liquid phase during slug flow. Temporary dryout phenomena occur even at a low mean vapor quality due to film rupture as a result of film instabilities. Local Nusselt numbers are calculated for the two-phase flow at different heat fluxes and Reynolds numbers. Compared with single-phase flow the heat transfer is enhanced by a factor of 3–8.
Issue Section:
Forced Convection
1.
Shah
, R. K.
, and London
, A. L.
, 1978, Laminar Flow Forced Convection in Ducts: A Source Book for Compact Heat Exchanger Analytical Data
, Academic
, New York
.2.
Sobhan
, C. B.
, and Garimella
, S. V.
, 2001, “A Comparative Analysis of Studies on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Microchannels
,” Microscale Thermophys. Eng.
1089-3954, 5
(4
), pp. 293
–311
.3.
Palm
, B.
, 2001, “Heat Transfer in Microchannels
,” Microscale Thermophys. Eng.
1089-3954, 5
(3
), pp. 155
–175
.4.
Morini
, G. L.
, 2004, “Single-Phase Convective Heat Transfer in Microchannels: A Review of Experimental Results
,” Int. J. Therm. Sci.
1290-0729, 43
(7
), pp. 631
–651
.5.
Lelea
, D.
, Nishio
, S.
, and Takano
, K.
, 2004, “The Experimental Research on Microtube Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow of Distilled Water
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(12–13
), pp. 2817
–2830
.6.
Celata
, G. P.
, Cumo
, M.
, Marconi
, V.
, McPhail
, S. J.
, and Zummo
, G.
, 2006, “Microtube Liquid Single-Phase Heat Transfer in Laminar Flow
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 49
(19–20
), pp. 3538
–3546
.7.
Gasche
, J. L.
, 2006, “Carbon Dioxide Evaporation in a Single Microchannel
,” J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.
, 28
, pp. 69
–83
. 1678-58788.
Yen
, T. H.
, Shoji
, M.
, Takemura
, F.
, Suzuki
, Y.
, and Kasagi
, N.
, 2006, “Visualization of Convective Boiling Heat Transfer in Single Microchannels With Different Shaped Cross-Sections
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 49
(21–22
), pp. 3884
–3894
.9.
Hetsroni
, G.
, Mosyak
, A.
, Pogrebnyak
, E.
, and Segal
, Z.
, 2005, “Explosive Boiling of Water in Parallel Micro-Channels
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 31
(4
), pp. 371
–392
.10.
Zhang
, L. A.
, Wang
, E. N.
, Goodson
, K. E.
, and Kenny
, T. W.
, 2005, “Phase Change Phenomena in Silicon Microchannels
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 48
(8
), pp. 1572
–1582
.11.
Hardt
, S.
, Schilder
, B.
, Tiemann
, D.
, Kolb
, G.
, Hessel
, V.
, and Stephan
, P.
, 2007, “Analysis of Flow Patterns Emerging During Evaporation in Parallel Microchannels
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 50
(1–2
), pp. 226
–239
.12.
Verein Deutscher Ingenieure
, 2006, Wärmeatlas, erw. aufl
, Vol. 10
, VDI-Verlag
, Düsseldorf
.13.
Maranzana
, G.
, Perry
, I.
, and Maillet
, D.
, 2004, “Mini- and Micro-Channels: Influence of Axial Conduction in the Walls
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(17–18
), pp. 3993
–4004
.14.
Grigull
, U.
, and Tratz
, H.
, 1965, “Thermischer einlauf in ausgebildeter laminarer rohrströmung
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 8
(5
), pp. 669
–678
.15.
Hetsroni
, G.
, Mosyak
, A.
, Segal
, Z.
, and Pogrebnyak
, E.
, 2003, “Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Parallel Micro-Channels
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 29
(3
), pp. 341
–360
.16.
Li
, H. Y.
, Tseng
, F. G.
, and Pan
, C.
, 2004, “Bubble Dynamics in Microchannels. Part II: Two Parallel Microchannels
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(25
), pp. 5591
–5601
.17.
Lee
, P. C.
, Tseng
, F. G.
, and Pan
, C.
, 2004, “Bubble Dynamics in Microchannels. Part I: Single Microchannel
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(25
), pp. 5575
–5589
.18.
Pettersen
, J.
, 2004, “Flow Vaporization of CO2 in Microchannel Tubes
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
0894-1777, 28
(2–3
), pp. 111
–121
.19.
Kandlikar
, S. G.
, 2006, “Nucleation Characteristics and Stability Considerations During Flow Boiling in Microchannels
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
0894-1777, 30
(5
), pp. 441
–447
.20.
Wang
, G.
, Cheng
, P.
, and Wu
, H.
, 2007, “Unstable and Stable Flow Boiling in Parallel Microchannels and in a Single Microchannel
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 50
(21–22
), pp. 4297
–4310
.21.
Wang
, G. D.
, and Cheng
, P.
, 2008, “An Experimental Study of Flow Boiling Instability in a Single Microchannel
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer
0735-1933, 35
(10
), pp. 1229
–1234
.22.
Kandlikar
, S. G.
, Kuan
, W. K.
, Willistein
, D. A.
, and Borrelli
, J.
, 2006, “Stabilization of Flow Boiling in Microchannels Using Pressure Drop Elements and Fabricated Nucleation Sites
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 128
(4
), pp. 389
–396
.23.
Thome
, J. R.
, and Collier
, J. G.
, 1996, Convective Boiling and Condensation
, 3rd ed., Clarendon
, Oxford
.24.
Yen
, T. H.
, Kasagi
, N.
, and Suzuki
, Y.
, 2003, “Forced Convective Boiling Heat Transfer in Microtubes at Low Mass and Heat Fluxes
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 29
(12
), pp. 1771
–1792
.25.
Lin
, S.
, Kew
, P. A.
, and Cornwell
, K.
, 2001, “Two-Phase Heat Transfer to a Refrigerant in a 1 mm Diameter Tube
,” Int. J. Refrig.
0140-7007, 24
(1
), pp. 51
–56
.26.
Qu
, W.
, and Mudawar
, I.
, 2003, “Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Two-Phase Micro-Channel Heat Sinks—I. Experimental Investigation and Assessment of Correlation Methods
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 46
(15
), pp. 2755
–2771
.27.
Thome
, J. R.
, Dupont
, V.
, and Jacobi
, A. M.
, 2004, “Heat Transfer Model for Evaporation in Microchannels. Part I: Presentation of the Model
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(14–16
), pp. 3375
–3385
.28.
Dupont
, V.
, Thome
, J. R.
, and Jacobi
, A. M.
, 2004, “Heat Transfer Model for Evaporation in Microchannels. Part II: Comparison With the Database
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(14–16
), pp. 3387
–3401
.29.
Taylor
, G. I.
, 1961, “Deposition of a Viscous Fluid on the Wall of a Tube
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 10
(2
), pp. 161
–165
.30.
Aussillous
, P.
, and Quere
, D.
, 2000, “Quick Deposition of a Fluid on the Wall of a Tube
,” Phys. Fluids
1070-6631, 12
(10
), pp. 2367
–2371
.31.
Han
, Y.
, and Shikazono
, N.
, 2008, “Thickness of Liquid Film Formed in Slug Flow in Micro Tube
,” ECI International Conference on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Microscale
, Sept. 21–26.32.
Dupont
, V.
, Miscevic
, M.
, Joly
, J. L.
, and Platel
, V.
, 2003, “Boiling Incipience of Highly Wetting Liquids in Horizontal Confined Space
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 46
(22
), pp. 4245
–4256
.33.
Kandlikar
, S. G.
, 2006, Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Minichannels and Microchannels
, 1st ed., Elsevier
, New York
.34.
Chen
, R. Y.
, 1973, “Flow in Entrance Region at Low Reynolds-Numbers
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
0098-2202, 95
(1
), pp. 153
–158
.35.
Kuhlmann
, H. C.
, 2007, Stroemungsmechanik
, Pearson Sudium
, München
.Copyright © 2010
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
