It is shown that addition of alumina, zinc-oxide, and diamond particles can enhance the critical heat flux (CHF) limit of water in flow boiling. The particles used here were in the nanometer range and at low concentration . The CHF tests were conducted at 0.1 MPa and at three different mass fluxes (, , and ). The thermal conditions at CHF were subcooled. The maximum CHF enhancement was 53%, 53%, and 38% for alumina, zinc oxide, and diamond, respectively, always obtained at the highest mass flux. A postmortem analysis of the boiling surface reveals that its morphology is altered by deposition of the particles during boiling. Additionally, the wettability of the surface is substantially increased, which seems to correlate well with the observed CHF enhancement.
Issue Section:
Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer—Part Ii
Keywords:
alumina,
boiling,
colloids,
diamond,
heat transfer,
nanoparticles,
suspensions,
water,
zinc compounds,
nanofluids,
critical heat flux,
flow boiling
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.Copyright © 2009
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
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