Solid-state energy conversion technologies such as thermoelectric and thermionic refrigeration and power generation require materials with low thermal conductivity but good electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, which are difficult to realize in bulk semiconductors. Nanostructures such as superlattices, quantum wires, and quantum dots provide alternative approaches to improve the solid-state energy conversion efficiency through size and interface effects on the electron and phonon transport. In this review, we discuss recent research and progress using nanostructures for solid-state energy conversion. The emphasis is placed on fundamental issues that distinguish energy transport and conversion between nanoscale and macroscale, as well as heat transfer issues related to device development and property characterization.

Issue Section:
Review Papers
Keywords:
nanostructured materials, heat transfer, direct energy conversion, thermal conductivity, Seebeck effect, interface phenomena, Conduction, Energy Conversion, Heat Transfer, Microscale Microstructures, Nanoscale, Thermoelectric, Thin Films
Topics:
Electrons, Energy conversion, Heat transfer, Nanostructures , Phonons, Superlattices, Thermal conductivity, Temperature, Nanoscale phenomena, Thin films, Heat conduction, Thermoelectricity, Heat, Electrical conductivity, Wire, Refrigeration
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