Abstract

Tests performed in a permeameter have been used to evaluate the gradient ratio test method. The evaluation is based on observed variations of water head and permeability in the composite soil and geotextile specimen with respect to time and with imposed hydraulic gradient. A water pluviation technique was used to reconstitute homogeneous, saturated sand specimens in the permeameter at any targeted density. An energy dissipator was used to prevent disturbance of the top of the specimen by inlet water at large flow rates. Some physical clogging of the soil may result from a blinding action due to fines in the recirculating water. Biological clogging may also occur, but is eliminated by treatment of the water with an algicide.

Issue Section:
Research Papers
Keywords:
gradients, permeability, geotextiles, filtration, blinding, clogging, gradient ratio test

References

1.
Calhoun
,
C. C.
,
1972
, “
Development of Design Criteria and Acceptance Specifications for Plastic Filter Cloths
,” Technical Report S-72-7,
U.S. Army Waterways Experiment Station
, Vicksburg.
2.
Canadian Geotechnical Society
,
1992
,
Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual
, 3rd ed.,
CGS
,
Vancouver, B.C.
3.
CGSB-148.1, No. 10,
1992
, Filtration Opening Size of Geotextiles, proposed
National Standard of Canada
, sixth draft, July.
4.
Christopher
,
B. R.
 and
Holtz
,
R. D.
,
1985
, “
Geotextile Engineering Manual
”, Report FHWA-TS-86/203,
U.S. Federal Highway Administration, National Highway Institute
, Washington, D.C.
5.
Haliburton
,
T. A.
 and
Wood
,
P. D.
,
1982
, “
Evaluation of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer Gradient Ratio Test
,”
Proceedings
,
Second International Conference on Geotextiles
,
Las Vegas, NV
, pp.
97
-
101
.
6.
Koerner
,
R. M.
 and
Ko
,
F. K.
,
1982
, “
Laboratory Studies on Long-Term Drainage Capability of Geotextiles
,” 1982,
Proceedings
,
Second International Conference on Geotextiles
,
Las Vegas, NV
, pp.
91
-
95
.
7.
Kuerbis
,
R. H.
 and
Vaid
,
Y. P.
,
1988
, “
Sand Sample Preparation—the Slurry Deposition Method
,”
Soils and Foundations
, Vol.
28
, No.
4
, pp.
107
-
118
.
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
8.
Vaid
,
Y. P.
 and
Negussey
,
D.
,
1988
, “
Preparation of Reconstituted Sand Specimens
,”
Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock
, ASTM STP 977,
Donaghe
 
R. T.
,
Chaney
 
R. C.
, and
Silver
 
M. L.
, Eds.,
ASTM
,
Philadelphia
, pp.
405
-
417
.
9.
Williams
,
N. D.
 and
Abouzakhm
,
M. A.
,
1989
, “
Evaluation of Geotextile/Soil Filtration Characteristics Using the Hydraulic Conductivity Ratio Analysis
,”
Geotextiles and Geomembranes
,
Elsevier
,
England
, No.
8
, pp.
1
-
26
.
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.