Investigation of Hydrogen Enriched Natural Gas Flames in a SGT-700/800 Burner Using OH PLIF and Chemiluminescence Imaging

The effect of hydrogen enrichment to natural gas flames was experimentally investigated at atmospheric pressure conditions using flame chemiluminescence imaging, planar laser-induced fluorescence of hydroxyl radicals (OH PLIF), and dynamic pressure monitoring. The experiments were performed using a third generation dry low emission (DLE) burner used in both SGT-700 and SGT-800 industrial gas turbines from Siemens. The burner was mounted in an atmospheric combustion test rig at Siemens with optical access in the flame region. Four different hydrogen enriched natural gas flames were investigated; 0 vol. %, 30 vol. %, 60 vol. %, and 80 vol. % of hydrogen. The results from flame chemiluminescence imaging and OH PLIF show that the size and shape of the flame was clearly affected by hydrogen addition. The flame becomes shorter and narrower when the amount of hydrogen is increased. For the 60 vol. % and 80 vol. % hydrogen flames the flame has moved upstream and the central recirculation zone that anchors the flame has moved upstream the burner exit. Furthermore, the position of the flame front fluctuated more for the full premixed flame with only natural gas as fuel than for the hydrogen enriched flames. Measurements of pressure drop over the burner show an increase with increased hydrogen in the natural gas despite same air flow thus confirming the observation that the flame front moves upstream toward the burner exit and thereby increasing the blockage of the exit. Dynamic pressure measurements in the combustion chamber wall confirms that small amounts of hydrogen in natural gas changes the amplitude of the dynamic pressure fluctuations and initially dampens the axial mode but at higher levels of hydrogen an enhancement of a transversal mode in the combustion chamber at higher frequencies could occur.