Experimental data are presented for large arrays of rotating, finite-height cylinders to study the dependence of the three-dimensional (3D) mean flows on the geometric and rotational configurations of the array. Two geometric configurations, each with two rotational configurations, were examined at a nominal Reynolds number of 600 and nominal tip-speed ratios of 0, 2, and 4. It was found that the rotation of the cylinders drives the formation of streamwise and transverse flow patterns between cylinders and that net time–space averaged transverse and vertical flows exist within the developed flow region of the array. This net vertical mean flow provides an additional mechanism for the exchange of momentum between the flow within the array and the flow above it, independent from the turbulent exchange mechanisms which are also observed to increase by almost a factor of three in a rotating array. As an array of rotating cylinders may provide insight into the flow kinematics of an array of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), this planform momentum flux (both mean and turbulent) is of particular interest, as it has the potential to increase the energy resource available to turbines far downstream of the leading edge of the array. In the present study, the streamwise momentum flux into the array could be increased for the rotating-element arrays by up to a factor of 5.7 compared to the stationary-element arrays, while the streamwise flow frontally averaged over the elements could be increased by up to a factor of four in the rotating-element arrays compared to stationary-element arrays.
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A Kinematic Description of the Key Flow Characteristics in an Array of Finite-Height Rotating Cylinders
Anna E. Craig
,
Anna E. Craig
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
e-mail: craig0a@stanford.edu
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
e-mail: craig0a@stanford.edu
Search for other works by this author on:
John O. Dabiri
,
John O. Dabiri
Professor
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering;
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering;
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Search for other works by this author on:
Jeffrey R. Koseff
Jeffrey R. Koseff
Professor
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Search for other works by this author on:
Anna E. Craig
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
e-mail: craig0a@stanford.edu
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
e-mail: craig0a@stanford.edu
John O. Dabiri
Professor
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering;
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering;
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Jeffrey R. Koseff
Professor
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering,
Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94035
Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING. Manuscript received September 4, 2015; final manuscript received December 25, 2015; published online April 22, 2016. Assoc. Editor: Daniel Maynes.
J. Fluids Eng. Jul 2016, 138(7): 070906 (16 pages)
Published Online: April 22, 2016
Article history
Received:
September 4, 2015
Revised:
December 25, 2015
Citation
Craig, A. E., Dabiri, J. O., and Koseff, J. R. (April 22, 2016). "A Kinematic Description of the Key Flow Characteristics in an Array of Finite-Height Rotating Cylinders." ASME. J. Fluids Eng. July 2016; 138(7): 070906. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4032600
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