A numerical model for ion-drag electrohydrodynamic (EHD) micropumps has been developed. The Poisson and charge conservation equations are solved to determine the electric body force within the flow domain. The charge distribution at the electrodes is assumed to depend on the magnitude and the gradient of the electric field at the surface of the electrode. The flow field is then determined by solving the momentum equation with the inclusion of the electric body force. Simulations were performed for micropump configurations that consisted of a series of planar electrode pairs embedded along the bottom wall of a microchannel. A two-dimensional segment of the channel with a single electrode pair is simulated using periodic boundary conditions at the inlet and outlet for the charge and electric fields. An empirical model was developed to estimate the charge boundary condition for the simulations. The simulation results were in good agreement with existing experimental data. The model was then used to perform a parametric study of the effect of channel height on the pump performance.
References
References
1.
Nguyen
, N.T.
Wu
, Z.
“Micromixers—A Review,”
J. Micromech. Microeng.
15
, pp. R1
–R16
(2005).2.
Becker
, H.
Manz
, A.
Microsystem Technology in Chemistry and Life Science (Topics in Current Chemistry)
, (Springer
, Berlin
, 1997).3.
Wolley
, A. T.
Hadley
, D.
Landre
, P.
DeMello
, A. J.
Mathies
, R. A.
Northrup
, M.A.
“Functional Integration of PCR Amplification and Capillary Electrophoresis in a Microfabricated DNA Analysis Device,”
Analytical Chemistry
, 68
, pp. 4081
–4086
(1996).4.
Laser
, D. J.
Santiago
, J. G.
“A Review of Micropumps,”
J. Micromech. Microeng.
14
, pp. R35
–R64
(2005).5.
Garimella
, S. V.
Iverson
, B. D.
“Recent Advances in Microscale Pumping Technologies: A Review and Evaluation,”
Microfluid. Nanofluid.
5
, pp. 145
–174
(2008).6.
Gerlach
, W.
Hermlut
, W.
“Working Principle and Performance of the Dynamic Micropump,”
Sens. Actuators, A
, 150
, pp. 135
–140
(1995).7.
Yun
, K. S.
Cho
, I. J.
Chang-Jin
, K.
Yoon
, E.
“A Surface-Tension Driven Micropump for Low-Voltage and Low-Power Operations,”
J. Microelectromech. Syst.
, 11
, pp. 454
–461
(2002).8.
Rapp
, R.
Schomburg
, W. K.
Maas
, D.
Schulz
, J.
Stark
, W.
“LIGA Micropump for Liquid and Gases,”
Sens. Actuators, A
, 40
, pp. 57
–61
(1994).9.
Tay
, F. E. H.
Microfluidics and BioMEMS Applications
(Kluwer Academic
, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
, 2002).10.
Stuetzer
, O. M.
“Ion Drag Pressure Generation,”
J. Appl. Phys.
, 30
, pp. 984
–994
(1959).11.
Pionteck
, J.
Wypych
, G.
Handbook of Antistatics
(ChemTec
, Toronto, ON, Canada
, 2006).12.
Kazemi
, P. Z.
Selvaganapathy
, P. R.
Ching
, C.Y.
“Effect of Electrode Asymmetry on Performance of Electrohydrodynamic Micropumps,”
J. Microelectromech. Syst.
, 18
, pp. 547
–554
(2009).13.
Yang
, L. J.
Wang
, J. M.
Huang
, Y.L.
“The Micro Ion Drag Pump using Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) Electrodes to Resist Aging,”
Sens. Actuators A
, 111
, pp. 118
–122
(2004).14.
Darabi
, J.
Wang
, H.
“Development of an Electrohydrodynamic Injection Micropump and its Potential Application in Pumping Fluids in Cryogenic Cooling Systems,”
J. Microelectromech. Syst.
14
, pp. 747
–755
(2005).15.
Darabi
, J.
Rada
, M.
Ohadi
, M.
Lawler
, J.
“Design, Fabrication and Testing of an Electrohydrodynamic Ion-Drag Micropump,”
J. Microelectromech. Syst.
11
, pp. 684
–690
(2002).16.
Benetis
, V.
Shooshtari
, A.
Foroughi
, P.
Ohadi
, M.
A Source-Integrated Micropump for Cooling of High Heat Flux Electronics
,” in Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium, pp. 236
–241
(2003).17.
Kano
, I.
Takhashi
, I.
“Improvement of Pressure Performance of Micro-EHD Pump with an Arrangement of Thin Cylindrical Electrodes,”
JSME International Journal Series B
, 49
, pp. 748
–755
(2006).18.
Bryan
, J. E.
Seyed-Yagoobi
, J.
“Experimental Study of Ion-Drag Pumping Using Various Working Fluids,”
IEEE Trans. Electr. Insul.
, 26
, pp. 647
–655
(1991).19.
Chang
, J. S.
Tsubone
, H.
Chun
, Y.
Berezin
, A. A.
Urashima
, K.
“Mechanism of Electrohydrodynamically Induced Flow in a Wire-Non-Parallel Plate Electrode Type Gas Pump,”
J. Electrost.
, 67
, pp. 335
–339
(2009).20.
Pasechnik
, L. P.
Ufatov
, I. V.
“Investigation of EHD Flow Based on a Numerical Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations,”
J. Eng. Phys. Thermophys.
56
, pp. 148
–152
(1989).21.
Lastow
, O.
Balachandran
, W.
“Numerical Simulation of Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) atomization,”
J. Electrost.
, 64
, pp. 850
–859
(2006).22.
Darabi
, J.
Rhodes
, C.
“CFD Modeling of an Ion-Drag Micropump,”
Sens. Actuators, A
, 127
, pp. 94
–103
(2006).23.
Benetis
, V.
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Planar Ion Drag Micropump Geometrical Design Parameters
,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Maryland, College Park (2005).24.
Lee
, C. K
Robinson
, A. J.
Ching
, C.Y.
Development of EHD Ion-Drag Micropump for Microscale Electronics Cooling
,” 13th Workshop on Thermal Issues in ICs and Systems, Budapest, pp. 48
–53
(2007).25.
Zhao
, L.
Adamiak
, K.
“EHD Flow in Air Produced by Electric Corona Discharge in Pin–Plate Configuration,”
J. Electrost.
, 63
, pp. 337
–350
(2005).26.
Yamamoto
, T.
Sparks
, L. E.
“Numerical Simulation of Three-Dimensional Tuft Corona and Electrohydrodynamics,”
IEEE Trans. Industry Applications
, IA-22
, pp. 880
–885
(1986).27.
Stratton
, J. A.
Electromagnetic Theory
, McGraw Hill
(New York, N. Y.
, 1941).
28.
Castellanos
, A.
Gonzalez
, A.
“Nonlinear Electrohydrodynamics of Free Surfaces
,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation
, 5
, pp. 334
–343
(1998).Copyright © 2011
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
