References

1.
McNown
,
J. S.
, 1954, “
Mechanics of Manifold Flow
,”
Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.
0066-0604,
110
, pp.
1103
1142
.
2.
Gardel
,
A.
, 1957, “Les Pertes de Charge Dans Les Ecoulements au Travers de Branchments en Te” (“
Pressure Drops in Flows Through T-Shaped Pipe Fittings
”),
Bull. Tech. Suisse Romande
0007-5744,
83
(
9
), pp.
123
130
and
Gardel
,
A.
, 1957, “Les Pertes de Charge Dans Les Ecoulements au Travers de Branchments en Te,” (“
Pressure Drops in Flows Through T-Shaped Pipe Fittings
”),
Bull. Tech. Suisse Romande
0007-5744,
83
(
10
), pp.
143
148
.
3.
Blaisdell
,
F. W.
, and
Manson
,
P. W.
, 1963, “
Loss of Energy at Sharpe-Edge Pipe Junction in Water Conveyance Systems
,” Tech. Bull 1283,
U.S. Department of Agriculture
, Washington DC.
4.
Bajura
,
R. A.
, 1971, “
A Model for Flow Distribution in Manifolds
,”
ASME J. Eng. Power
, pp.
7
12
.
5.
Ito
,
H.
, and
Imai
,
K.
, 1973, “
Energy Losses at 90Degree Pipe Junctions
,”
J. Hydr. Div.
0044-796X,
99
(
9
), pp.
1353
1368
.
6.
Popp
,
M.
, and
Sallet
,
D. W.
, 1983, “
Experimental Investigation of One- and Two-Phase Flow
,”
Intl. Conf. On the Physical Modeling of Multi-Phase Flow
, BHRA Fluid Engineering, pp.
67
90
.
7.
Ramamurthy
,
A. S.
, and
Zhu
,
W.
, 1996, “
Dividing Flows in 90° Junctions of Rectangular Closed Conduits
,”
J. Hydraul. Eng.
0733-9429,
122
(
12
), pp.
687
691
.
8.
Weber
,
L. J.
, 2001, “
Experiments on Flow at a 90° Open-channel Junction
,”
J. Hydraul. Eng.
0733-9429,
127
(
5
), pp.
268
280
.
9.
Huang
,
J.
, 2002, “
Three-Dimensional Numerical Study of Flows in Open-Channel Junctions
,”
J. Hydraul. Eng.
0733-9429,
128
(
3
), pp.
268
280
.
10.
Fu
,
H.
, 1992, “
Computation of Three-Dimensional Turbulent Flows in a Pipe Junction With Reference to Engine Inlet Manifolds
,”
Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng.
206
(
6
), pp.
285
295
.
11.
Wilcox
,
D. C.
, 2000,
Turbulence Modeling for CFD
, DCW Industries, Inc.
12.
Zhu
,
W.
, 1995, “
Characteristics of Dividing and Combining Flows
,” Ph.D. thesis, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
13.
Lander
,
B. E.
, and
Spalding
,
D. B.
, 1974, “
The Numerical Computation of Turbulent Flows
,”
Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng.
0045-7825,
3
, pp.
269
289
.
You do not currently have access to this content.