The aim of the paper is to present the results of investigations conducted on the free surface flow in a Pelton turbine model bucket. Unsteady numerical simulations, based on the two-phase homogeneous model, are performed together with wall pressure measurements and flow visualizations. The results obtained allow defining five distinct zones in the bucket from the flow patterns and the pressure signal shapes. The results provided by the numerical simulation are compared for each zone. The flow patterns in the buckets are analyzed from the results. An investigation of the momentum transfer between the water particles and the bucket is performed, showing the regions of the bucket surface that contribute the most to the torque. The study is also conducted for the backside of the bucket, evidencing a probable Coanda interaction between the bucket cutout area and the water jet.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
1.
Lowy
, R.
, 1944, “Efficiency analysis of Pelton Wheels
,” Trans. ASME
0097-6822, 66
, pp. 527
–538
.2.
Bachmann
, P.
, Schärer
, Ch.
, Staubli
, T.
, and Vullioud
, G.
, 1990, “Experimental Flow Studies on a 1-Jet Model Turbine Pelton
,” Proceedings of 15th IAHR Symposium on Modern Technology in Hydraulic Energy Production
, Sept. 11–14, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
, Belgrade
, pp. 1
–13
.3.
Grozev
, G.
, Obretenov
, V.
, and Trifonov
, T.
, 1988, “Investigation of the Distribution of Pressure Over the Buckets of a Pelton Turbine
,” Proceedings of the Conference on Hydraulic Machinery and Flow Measurements
, Sept. 13–15, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, Turboinštitut, Ljubljana, pp. 119
–125
.4.
Kvicinsky
, S.
, Kueny
, J.-L.
, and Avellan
, F.
, 2002, “Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Free Surface Flows in a 3D Non-Rotating Pelton Bucket
,” The 9th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamic Rotating Machinery
, Feb. 10–14, Honolulu.5.
Guilbaud
, M.
, Houdeline
, J. B.
, and Philibert
, R.
, 1992, “Study of the Flow in the Various Sections of a Pelton Turbine
,” Proceedings of 16th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Caviation
, Sept. 14–19, São Paulo, Associação Brasileira de Recursos Hídricos, São Paulo, pp. 819
–831
.6.
Kvicinsky
, S.
, Longatte
, F.
, Avellan
, F.
, and Kueny
, J.-L.
, 1999, “Free Surface Flows: Experimental Validation of the Volume of Fluid (VOF) Method in the Plane Wall Case
,” Proceedings of 3rd ASME/JSME
, San Francisco, ASME, New York, pp. 1
–8
.7.
Hana
, M.
, 1998, “A Discussion on Numerical Simulation in Pelton Turbines
,” Proceedings of 19th IAHR Symposium
, Sept. 9–11, Singapore, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 306
–315
.8.
Sick
, M.
, Keck
, H.
, Parkinson
, E.
, and Vullioud
, G.
, 2000, “New Challenges in Pelton Research
,” Hydro 2000 Conference
, Bern, Switzerland.9.
Parkinson
, P.
, Garcin
, H.
, Bissel
, C.
, Muggli
, F.
, and Braune
, A.
, 2002, “Description of Pelton Flow Patterns With Computational Flow Simulations
,” Hydro 2002: Development, Management, Performances
, Nov. 4–7, Kiris, Turkey.10.
Parkinson
, E.
, Vullioud
, G.
, Geppert
, L.
, and Keck
, H.
, 2002, “Analysis of Pelton Turbine Flow Patterns for Improved Runner-Component Interaction
,” Int. J. Hydropow. Dams
1352-2523, 1
(5
), pp. 100
–103
.11.
Janetzky
, B.
, Göde
, E.
, Ruprecht
, A.
, Keck
, H.
, and Schärer
, Ch.
, 1998, “Numerical Simulation of the Flow in a Pelton Bucket
,” Proceedings of 19th IAHR Symposium
, Sept. 9–11, Singapore, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 276
–284
.12.
Mack
, R.
, and Moser
, W.
, 2002, “Numerical Investigations of the Flow in a Pelton Turbine
,” Proceedings of XXIst IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems
, Sept. 9–12, Lausanne, Laboratory for hydraulic machines, Lausanne, pp. 373
–378
.13.
Kvicinsky
, S.
, Kueny
, J.-L.
, Avellan
, F.
, and Parkinson
, E.
, 2002, “Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Free Surface Flows in a Rotating Bucket
,” Proceedings of XXIst IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems
, Sept. 9–12, Lausanne, Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines, Lausanne, pp. 359
–364
.14.
Farhat
, M.
, Natal
, S.
, Avellan
, F.
, Paquet
, F.
, Lowys
, P.
, and Couston
, M.
, 2002, “Onboard Measurements and Strain Fluctuations in a Model of Low Head Francis Turbine, Part I: Instrumentation
,” Proceedings of the XXIst IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems
, Sept. 9–12, Lausanne, Laboratory for hydraulic machines, Lausanne, pp. 865
–871
.15.
Ishii
, M.
, 1975, “Thermo-Fluid Dynamic Theory of Two-Phase Flow
,” Collection de la Direction des Etudes et Recherches
, EDF
, Eyrolles, Paris
, pp. 1
–248
.16.
Zwart
, P. J.
, Scheuerer
, M.
, and Bogner
, M.
, 2003, “Free Surface Flow Modeling of an Impinging Jet
,” ASTAR International Workshop on Advanced Numerical Methods for Multidimensional Simulation of Two-Phase Flow
, Sept. 15–16, GRS Garching, Germany17.
Brackbill
, J. U.
, Kothe
, D. B.
, and Zemach
, C.
, 1992, “A Continuum Method for Modeling Surface Tension
,” J. Comput. Phys.
0021-9991, 100
, pp. 335
–354
.18.
Perrig
, A.
, Farhat
, M.
, Avellan
, F.
, Parkinson
, E.
, Garcin
, H.
, Bissel
, C.
, Valle
, M.
, and Favre
, J.
, 2004, “Numerical Flow Analysis in a Pelton Turbine Bucket
,” Proceedings of 22nd IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems
, June 29–July 2, Stockholm, Swedpower, Stockholm, pp. A10
-3-1–A10-3-14
.19.
Ténot
, A.
, 1930, Turbines Hydrauliques et Régulateurs Automatiques de Vitesse
, Vols. I & II
, Librairie de l’Enseignement Technique
, Eyrolles, Paris
.20.
Webster
, J.
, 1971, “Analysis of Jet-Type Impulse Turbines
,” Water Power
, 23
, pp. 287
–292
.21.
Johnson
, W.
, and Vickers
, G. W.
, 1973, “Transient Stress Distribution Caused by Water-Jet Impact
,” J. Mech. Eng. Sci.
0022-2542, 15
(4
), pp. 302
–310
.22.
Wille
, R.
, and Fernholz
, H.
, 1965, “Report on the First European Mechanics Colloquium on the Coanda Effect
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 23
, pp. 801
–819
.23.
Teodorescu-Tintea
, C.
, 1967, “On a New Functional Principle in the Theory of Gas Turbines Based on the Coanda Effect: The Turbine Fitted With Depressive Blades
,” Rev. Roum. Sci. Tech., Ser. Mec. Appl.
0035-4074, 12
(1
), pp. 85
–101
.24.
Fujisawa
, N.
, and Shirai
, H.
, 1987, “Experimental Investigation of the Unsteady Flow Field Around a Savonius Rotor at Maximum Power Performance
,” Wind Eng.
0309-524X, 11
(4
), pp. 195
–206
.25.
Grein
, H.
, 1990, “Cavitation Pitting and Rain Erosion on Pelton Runners
,” Proceedings of 15th IAHR Symposium on Modern Technology in Hydraulic Energy Production
, Sept. 11–14, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, pp. 1
–9
.26.
Brivio
, R.
, and Zappi
, O.
, 1995, “La Cavitazione Nelle Turbine Pelton (Parte I)
,” Energ. Elettr.
0013-7308, 72
(2
), pp. 45
–49
.Copyright © 2006
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
