Performance Evaluation of Gas Production With Consideration of Dynamic Capillary Pressure in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs

In this paper, a pragmatic and consistent framework has been developed and validated to accurately predict reservoir performance in tight sandstone reservoirs by coupling the dynamic capillary pressure with gas production models. Theoretically, the concept of pseudo-mobile water saturation, which is defined as the water saturation between irreducible water saturation and cutoff water saturation, is proposed to couple dynamic capillary pressure and stress-induced permeability to form an equation matrix that is solved by using the implicit pressure and explicit saturations (IMPES) method. Compared with the conventional methods, the newly developed model predicts a lower cumulative gas production but a higher reservoir pressure and a higher flowing bottomhole pressure at the end of the stable period. Physically, a higher gas production rate induces a greater dynamic capillary pressure, while both cutoff water saturation and stress-induced permeability impose a similar impact on the dynamic capillary pressure, though the corresponding degrees are varied. Due to the dynamic capillary pressure, pseudo-mobile water saturation controlled by the displacement pressure drop also affects the gas production. The higher the gas production rate is, the greater the effect of dynamic capillary pressure on the cumulative gas production, formation pressure, and flowing bottomhole pressure will be. By taking the dynamic capillary pressure into account, it can be more accurate to predict the performance of a gas reservoir and the length of stable production period, allowing for making more reasonable development schemes and thus improving the gas recovery in a tight sandstone reservoir.