This paper presents the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission characteristics of a Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) engine modified to operate in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode. N-heptane was used as the fuel in this research. Several parameters were varied, including intake air temperature and pressure, air/fuel ratio (AFR), compression ratio (CR), and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate, to alter the HCCI combustion phasing from an overly advanced condition where knocking occurred to an overly retarded condition where incomplete combustion occurred with excessive emissions of unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO). NOx emissions below 5 ppm were obtained over a fairly wide range of operating conditions, except when knocking or incomplete combustion occurred. The NOx emissions were relatively constant when the combustion phasing was within the acceptable range. NOx emissions increased substantially when the HCCI combustion phasing was retarded beyond the optimal phasing even though lower combustion temperatures were expected. The increased N2O and UHC emissions observed with retarded combustion phasing may contribute to this unexpected increase in NOx emissions. N2O emissions were generally less than 0.5 ppm; however, they increased substantially with excessively retarded and incomplete combustion. The highest measured N2O emissions were 1.7 ppm, which occurred when the combustion efficiency was approximately 70%.
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March 2012
Research Papers
The NOx and N2O Emission Characteristics of an HCCI Engine Operated With n-Heptane Available to Purchase
Hailin Li,
Hailin Li
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
West Virginia University
, Morgantown, WV 26506
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W. Stuart Neill,
W. Stuart Neill
Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council Canada
, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Hongsheng Guo,
Hongsheng Guo
Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council Canada
, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Wally Chippior
Wally Chippior
Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council Canada
, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Hailin Li
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
West Virginia University
, Morgantown, WV 26506
W. Stuart Neill
Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council Canada
, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Hongsheng Guo
Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council Canada
, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Wally Chippior
Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council Canada
, Ottawa, ON, Canada
J. Energy Resour. Technol. Mar 2012, 134(1): 011101 (9 pages)
Published Online: December 23, 2011
Article history
Received:
August 13, 2010
Revised:
August 5, 2011
Online:
December 23, 2011
Published:
December 23, 2011
Citation
Li, H., Neill, W. S., Guo, H., and Chippior, W. (December 23, 2011). "The NOx and N2O Emission Characteristics of an HCCI Engine Operated With n-Heptane." ASME. J. Energy Resour. Technol. March 2012; 134(1): 011101. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4005243
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