The present work describes an experimental investigation concerning the exhaust emissions and the electric energy generation using blends of diesel and an alternative fuel obtained through the low temperature conversion process applied to petrochemical residue. The alternative fuel (low temperature conversion fuel (LTCF)) was obtained in a pilot unit. The exhaust emissions (CO, CO2, O2, NO, NOx, and SO2) were also studied. The results show that the use of diesel-LTCF blends in a stationary engine is an alternative for the use of petrochemical residues. The mixture of 10vol% of LTCF and 90vol% of diesel is the best one concerning the exhaust emissions.

1.
Romeiro
,
G. A.
,
Damasceno
,
R. N.
,
Lutz
,
H.
,
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, and
Bayer
,
E.
, 1999, “
Identification of Fatty Acids in Oil From Low Temperature Conversion (LTC) Using Fast Atom Bombardment (FABMS) and Field Desorption (FDMS)
,”
Fresenius Environ. Bull.
1018-4619,
9
, pp.
163
170
.
2.
Bayer
,
E.
,
Maurer
,
A.
,
Becker
,
G.
, and
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, 1995, “
Recovery of Activated Carbon From Wastes via Low Temperature Conversion—PART 1: Preparation and Determination of Pore Structure
,”
Fresenius Environ. Bull.
1018-4619,
4
, pp.
533
538
.
3.
Bayer
,
E.
,
Maurer
,
A.
,
Becker
,
G.
, and
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, 1995, “
Recovery of Activated Carbon From Wastes via Low Temperature Conversion—PART 2: Analysis and Evaluation of Applicability
,”
Fresenius Environ. Bull.
1018-4619,
4
, pp.
539
544
.
4.
Bayer
,
E.
, and
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, 1988,
Thermocatalytic Conversion of Lipid-Rich Biomass to Oleochemical and Fuel
,
A. V.
Bridgewater
and
J. I.
Kuester
, eds.,
Elsevier Applied Science
,
Phoenix
, pp.
518
530
.
5.
Lutz
,
H.
,
Esuoso
,
K.
,
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, and
Bayer
,
E.
, 1998, “
Low Temperature Conversion of Sugar-Cane By-Products
,”
Biomass Bioenergy
0961-9534,
15
, pp.
155
162
.
6.
Romeiro
,
G. A.
,
Vieira
,
G. E. G.
,
Teixeira
,
F. E. C.
,
Damasceno
,
R. N.
,
Santos
,
M. S.
,
Kunigami
,
C. N.
,
Lutz
,
H.
,
Bayer
,
E.
, and
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, 2000, “
Low Temperature Conversion of Beverage Industry Residues—GC/MS Evaluation
,”
Advances in Food Sciences
,
22
, pp.
170
177
.
7.
Lutz
,
H.
,
Romeiro
,
G. A.
,
Damasceno
,
R. N.
,
Kutubuddin
,
M.
, and
Bayer
,
E.
, 2000, “
Low Temperature Conversion of Some Brazilian Municipal and Industrial Sludges
,”
Bioresour. Technol.
0960-8524,
74
, pp.
103
107
.
8.
Vieira
,
G. E. G.
,
Romeiro
,
G. A.
,
Sella
,
S. M.
,
Damasceno
,
R. N.
, and
Pereira
,
R. G.
, 2009, “
Low Temperature Conversion (LTC)—An Alternative Method to Treat Sludge Generated in an Industrial Wastewater Treatment Station—Batch and Continuous Process Comparison
,”
Bioresour. Technol.
0960-8524,
100
, pp.
1544
1547
.
9.
Li
,
X.
,
Qiao
,
X.
,
Zhang
,
L.
,
Fang
,
J.
,
Huang
,
Z.
, and
Xia
,
H.
, 2005, “
Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Two-Stroke Diesel Engine Operating on Alcohol
,”
Renewable Energy
0960-1481,
30
, pp.
2075
2084
.
10.
Nwafor
,
O. M. I.
, 2004, “
Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Running on Vegetable Oil With Elevated Fuel Inlet Temperature
,”
Biomass Bioenergy
0961-9534,
27
, pp.
507
511
.
11.
Carraretto
,
C.
,
Macor
,
A.
,
Mirandola
,
A.
,
Stoppato
,
A.
, and
Tonon
,
S.
, 2004, “
Biodiesel as Alternative Fuel: Experimental Analysis and Energetic Evaluations
,”
Energy
0360-5442,
29
, pp.
2195
2211
.
12.
Barnwal
,
B. K.
, and
Sharma
,
M. P.
, 2005, “
Prospects of Biodiesel Production From Vegetable Oils in India
,”
Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev.
1364-0321,
9
, pp.
363
378
.
13.
Demirbas
,
A.
, 2000, “
A Direct Route to the Calculation of Heating Values of Liquid Fuels by Using Their Density and Viscosity Measurements
,”
Energy Convers. Manage.
0196-8904,
41
, pp.
1609
1614
.
14.
Kalligeros
,
S.
,
Zannikos
,
F.
,
Stournas
,
S.
,
Lois
,
E.
,
Anastopoulos
,
G.
,
Teas
,
Ch.
, and
Sakellaropoulos
,
F.
, 2003, “
An Investigation of Using Biodiesel/Marine Diesel Blends on the Performance of a Stationary Diesel Engine
,”
Biomass Bioenergy
0961-9534,
24
, pp.
141
149
.
15.
He
,
B. Q.
,
Shuai
,
S. J.
,
Wang
,
J. X.
, and
He
,
H.
, 2003, “
The Effect of Ethanol Blended Diesel Fuels on Emissions From a Diesel Engine
,”
Atmos. Environ.
1352-2310,
37
, pp.
4965
4971
.
You do not currently have access to this content.