A working machine (WM) presents equipment (assemblage of parts) transmitting energy, materials, and information by means of controlled mechanical motions with the purpose to displace, replace and simplify physical and/or intellectual works of manual and non-manual workers as well as increase productivity and quality of the manufactured products. Typical representatives of the WMs are industrial robots (IR), machine tools (MT), and coordinate measuring machines (CMM). As modern machinery is developed, automation and computerization level of the WMs is increased to improve such important performance indexes as productivity, accuracy, flexibility, universality, effectiveness, etc. As a rule, it adds complexity to the WM kinematics, drives, and control system: the number of operation-required motions increases and their interrelationship becomes more involved.

The term control refers to the process of modifying the dynamic behavior of a system in order to achieve some desired outputs . Control systems exist in many devices and fields. As pointed out in Chapter 1, the theory of control has been employed by economists, medical personnel, financial experts, political scientists, biologists, and engineers, to name but a few. Within the field of mechanical engineering, the heating system and water heater in a house, or the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system in a modern building, employ control systems. In aerospace, the control of aircrafts, helicopters, satellites, and missiles requires very sophisticated advanced control systems. In shipbuilding industries, control systems are often employed.

This chapter is concerned with the analysis and performance of control systems. Section 9.1 deals with the analysis of response in the time domain. The transient responses as functions of closed-loop poles are presented in Section 9.2. Control system design based on transient responses is considered in Section 9.3. The analysis of the common control types, that is, the so-called proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) control systems are included in Section 9.4. The concepts of steady-state errors are addressed in Section 9.5. Performance criteria and sensitivity functions are introduced in Section 9.6, while problem examples are presented in Section 9.7.

The stability analysis in this chapter is confined to linear control systems. The concept of stability is introduced in Section 10.1, and the Routh-Hurwitz criterion is presented in Section 10.2, in which examples illustrating its use are included. Problem examples in stability analysis and steady-state errors of systems are provided in Section 10.3. Three questions and solutions are included in Section 10.4. It should be noted that no other methods of stability analysis are considered in this chapter. Further stability analyses of control systems are presented in Chapter 11.

Up to this stage, the methods and techniques applied to the feedback control systems are analytical and in both the time and s -parameter domains. In many situations when the systems are linear, graphical methods may prove to be very useful to reveal system characteristics and performance. In a sense, these graphical methods compress a great deal of information in the time domain into the parameter domain in a single figure. The parameter domains considered in this chapter are the s -parameter domain of the Laplace transformation, and the ω-parameter domain of the frequency response function. The frequency response function can simply be obtained by replacing the s -parameter of the system transfer function with i ω.

Modern control system analysis is known as analysis of control systems by applying the state space or vector space method. Among many advantages of the state space method, the following three are the main important ones. First, the matrix theory can be explored and exploited. Second, it is not limited to linear systems, having time-invariant system parameters. Third, it is not limited to applications for single input and single output (SISO) control systems.

Production factories in which stable voltage is critical, e.g., electro-plating factory, require constantly stable voltage to minimize loss by adjusting incoming voltage in real time, even if low-quality electricity is supplied from outside. To solve such problem often being raised from the factories located in the area with unstable electricity supply, we designed N-M switching control system and verified its correctness using LTL model checking technique.

The long-distance telephone control system based on FPGA is realized in this paper. The controller is applied in the system board hardware circuit design, PCB design, FPGA logic design, etc. I have proved that the system has perfect functions of pick - please, flexible control mode, simple password as well as strong anti-interference ability. Besides, the work system will not bother common use of the telephone. The system can control a lot of switch of household electrical appliances. The system' main feature is user friendly interface, low cost and reliable operation, which provides a practical solution for remote control household appliances.

Aiming at the poor stability and the big friction work in the dual clutch automatic transmission speed changing process, and according to the dual clutch automatic transmission structure characteristics, this paper studies the timing sequence of the dual clutch transmission torque and the engine torque in the shift process, and the program flow chart is given in this paper. The control method in this paper achieves the clutch pressure and the engine timing sequence precisely controlled. This project established the relevant test condition bench, and the experimental results show that the design of the dual clutch automatic transmission (DCT) control system presented in this paper solves the smooth shift problem of the automobile.

In terms of dry and wet gas control technologies, the authors attempt to introduce common flue gas DeNO_X technologies and describe their processing principles, industrial status, strengths and weaknesses and improved prospects. Relevant principles on new technologies of DeNO_X are discussed, and the constraints of large-scale industrial application of new technology and future focus of the study are given. Based on present situation and application of flue gas DeNO_X technology, the future development of the technology is put forward.

Most of the scheduling algorithm of elevator group system today mainly focus on how to reduce the waiting time of passengers and the running time of elevators, and the energy consume of elevators is always ignored. A least-cost energy dispatching algorithm for elevator group system based on ant colony algorithm is proposed in this paper. Because the dispatching problem of elevator group control system is a typical combinatorial optimization problem, and the ant colony algorithm is good at solving discrete combinatorial optimization problem, and it has good global optimization ability and fast convergence ability. In order to achieve the goal of energy saving, first, the algorithm model and the energy objective function is established; second, optimal convergence mechanism based on pheromone-update and the elevator-select probability is proposed; and tabu list is used. Finally, data simulation experiment was taken and the result of data simulation show that the algorithm is efficient and effective.

The rope-less elevator driven by Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PMLSM) is a revolutionary new technology for high-rise buildings, but also requiring new technology for propulsion, safety and control. In the paper, the control system for rope-less elevator driven by permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is designed. The position control method is proposed. Additionally, power supply and safety protection system for the rope-less elevator is also discussed. The obtained results are expected to be usable for extra-rise buildings.

Now every family has many different lamps, correspondingly they have their own switches and wire layouts, too. This brings our life to much trouble, and many resources are wasted. So in this paper, a new Home-Lamp System (HLS) controlled by wireless network is proposed. This system is not only clever and expedient, but also can reduce many wire layouts to spare resources. The proposed HLS is based on IEEE802.15.4, especially ZigBee protocol. The proposed scheme consists of two main parts. The one part is the hardware design; the other is the software design. The hardware design is based on CC2430 as the controller core. The hardware part hat one network coordinator, some router nodes and some terminal control nodes. The coordinator is responsible for building and managing network. The router is working for the relay controller. The terminal control nodes can get some information for its controllable devices from WPAN (wireless personal area network). The software part uses IAR Embedded Workbench. Based on Zstack-1.4.2-1.1.0 protocol provided by TI, man can program the control codes of the system. The proposed scheme can also provide the well-defined interface and the necessary basis for preparing the smart home system.

This paper discusses some issues when implementing voice control systems by using cloud voice recognition services. Two applications are developed for study: a voice calculator and a voice control robot system. We use the first application to study the issues of developing software by using cloud service and the second application extend these issues into controlling external devices. We also proposed a simple approach to improve speech recognition rate. Finally, we compared the advantage and disadvantage when implementing voice control system by using remote cloud services.

Nowadays new interaction forms are not limited by Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) making Human Computer Interaction (HCI) more natural. The development of humanoid robots for natural interaction is a challenging research topic. By using gesture based humanoid we can operate any system simply by gestures. The inter-human communication is very complex and offers a variety of interaction possibilities. Although speech is often seen as the primary channel of information, psychologists claim that 60% of the information is transferred non-verbally. Besides body pose, mimics and others gestures like pointing or hand waving are commonly used. In this paper the gesture detection and control system of the humanoid robot CHITTI is presented using a predefined dialog situation. The whole information flow from gesture detection till the reaction of the robot is presented in detail.

This chapter focuses on the development of automatic and dynamic control schemes to maintain a constant pressure in Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) masks. A control system using a pressure-regulating valve is used as an example throughout this chapter. It demonstrates how lumped parameter modeling can be used to identify time delays and select effective compensation schemes. In this chapter, a feed forward compensation scheme is designed to tackle a time delay problem. The scheme includes adding additional electronic components between the system and the controller. The system control model of a typical CPAP device is developed in Simulink™ in the Matlab™ environment.

The flexible and effective access control technology can solve security in the environment of service computing, so that the extensible access control markup language is analyzed and XACML policy model is proposed. The corresponding policy access control algorithm is described to support the architecture of policy. The technology based on policy can provide finegrained access control for service computing with an example and the XACML combination algorithm is also analyzed.

The artificial intelligence (AI) technique has suffered in solving its computationally hard problems in recent years. In this paper, a self-upgrading autonomous system is designed to tackle end-to-end AI-hard problems and to achieve self-adapting communication via modular and hierarchical extension from linguistic and semiotic constructs. A system-on-a-chip (SoC) self-adaptive control system can learn arbitrary shape of the robot body or machine parts. Simulation results have proved the effectiveness of learning abilities of the proposed autonomous system.

In order to adapt the use of workover rig for offshore completion and workover operations, it generally uses two different drive mode of milling, downhole motor and surface turntable, in dealing with deep inclined well permanent type packer issues. In this thesis, the main focus is on control technology of milling operation to the permanent packer. At the same time, the forces of pipe string were analyzed and the axial forces, torques and frictions and other mechanical calculation models of the pipe string were established under two kinds of drive modes. Through the results of analysis of pipe string force, it accesses the risks of the milling operation, optimizes the parameters of downhole tools and operation methods in milling operation.

As in the Ying-Qiong basin, in a number of target layer formation of wells, the pressure is over 100MPa, and downhole temperature exceeds 170 °C. It has great challenges and risks to the well test operation. Therefore, risk assessment and technology research for high-temperature superpressure testing are needed. In this article, HPHT well test safety control technology is studied from the aspects of wellbore temperature and pressure field and hydrate prediction, and the theoretical calculation module of wellbore temperature and pressure field during HPHT test is established. Based on simulated experiment, the prediction module of gas hydrate formation conditions is established. Combined with field conditions of HPHT test, it proposes specific measures to control hydrate to further reduce the risks of testing operation.