The nineteenth century saw the development of the most technologically efficient means of transportation, and the twentieth century saw the battle over control of transportation capital. In the present century, one of the challenges of the energy industry in general is the security of supply and specifically for the pipeline industry it is the integrity and security of pipeline systems that constitute the most effective, environment-friendly, and safe means of oil and gas transportation systems.

Pipeline networks are valuable assets, generally owned, operated, and maintained by pipeline companies. In any country pipelines are the irreplaceable core of a hydrocarbon transportation system and means by which hydrocarbon fluids are delivered from the source of supply to the market area. It is no coincidence that wherever there is the largest pipeline network, there is also the highest standard of living and technological progress.