In this monograph, production of biopolymers, properties of biopolymers, preparation of macro-, micro- and nano-materials using biopolymers, characterization of biomaterials and application of biomaterials are described. Various form of biomaterials such as powder, solution, scaffolds, gel, films, beads, fibers, microcapsules, nano-particles, etc have been used in many sectors such as food production, biotechnology, waste water treatment, electronic applications, biomedical and nano-medical technologies, etc. The cumulative information given in this monograph is hoped to serve researchers, who are interested in biomedicine, nanomedicine, biopolymers and various fields of biotechnology. Moreover it is hoped that these information will serve a great scope of further research in these fields for better applications and will be useful to companies interested in production and applications of biopolymers.