12 Dense Phase CO₂ Corrosion Available to Purchase

With ever growing environmental constraints, global warming, and public awareness, there is an increasing incentive to reduce carbon emissions. The ‘Blue Map Scenario’ compiled and published by the International Energy Agency (IEA) for the abatement of climate change highlights a key need for the transportation and placement of CO₂ that is generated by associated industries, underground. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the means by which CO₂ is captured and compressed. This CO₂ then needs to be transported to a long-term storage site. In principle, transmission may be accomplished using pipelines, tankers, trains, trucks, compressed gas cylinders, as CO₂ hydrate, or as solid dry ice. However, only pipeline and tanker transmission are reasonable options for the large quantities of CO₂ associated with power stations, other industry activities, and hydrocarbon production. Effective transportation is justifiable through transmission of dense phase CO₂. This chapter combines aspects of materials and corrosion for the transportation of dense phase CO₂, outlining means of corrosion prediction, the materials, and the limits of application and any technology gaps that currently exist.