Chapter 3. Quantum Models

In the previous two chapters, we have seen two statistical descriptions of plasmas, and more generally, of complex systems where collective phenomena take place. These two approaches have been developed in a classic framework, that is to say without taking into account principles emanating from quantum mechanics. So, it is natural to ask the following questions: does such a description necessarily have to remain classic or is it possible to extend it to the framework of quantum mechanics? We will see in this chapter that such an extension is indeed possible.