Nanotechnology refers to the development of new techniques, materials and devices that have features on a nanometer size scales, generally considered in the 1–100 nm range. The term was popularized in the 1980’s by K. Eric Drexler, especially in his book, The Engines of Creation (Drexler, 1986), but the term was coined in the context of semiconductor technology (Taniguchi, 1974). One goal of nanotechnologists is to design materials that can be created by combining smaller subunits in a deterministic manner, so called bottom-up assembly. Much of the development in nanotechnology has been accomplished by material scientists, chemists and physicists and...