With the rapid development of urbanization, an increasing number of residential communities have been constructed. In the face of the improvement of the residential environment, the question of how to achieve the goal of being “people-oriented” seems very important, and study of the ecological landscape plays an essential role. This paper presents in a systematic way of design principle and methods of urban ecological residential environment. By investigating the current condition and deficiency of the residential environment, we conclude that the biological diversity, rational greening structure and waterscape planning contribute to the ecological residential construction.