13 Fundamentals of Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Available to Purchase

Computerization of the management process is and continues to be the emerging technology in manufacturing, particularly in the areas of design data manipulation, manufacturing data manipulation, and decision making. In this chapter we will explore the fundamental principles involved in defining, developing, and putting into use computer systems that enhance a company's ability to compete. This theme of unifying via computer is a natural follow-on to the introduction of CNC machines and financial accounting systems. In Chapters 14 and 15 we will explore the immense potential for factory data collection systems and computer-aided process planning through group technology. However, it is first necessary to understand the Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) fundamentals.

CIM is the current title for this unifying concept. Previously it was widely known as Computer-Aided Design∕Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD∕CAM). But that term fell into disuse because it was felt that mentioning only the engineering (design) and the manufacturing functions implied that other business functions, such as marketing and employee relations, need not be integrated for optimum performance. Of course, this is not the case. So another name evolved: Computer-Integrated Manufacturing. This states integration via computers and focuses on the manufacturing nature of most businesses. Also, some experts felt that the slash (∕) between CAD and CAM implied a linear nonconcurrent approach that favored islands of automation instead of integration of efforts.