https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-9992
Abstract
In this study, the mechanical behavior of a dense-graded asphalt mixture subjected to unaged, short-term, and extended aged conditions along with one freeze-thaw moisture conditioning cycle was evaluated at two temperatures and three stress magnitudes. A stress-controlled repeated indirect tensile loading fatigue test with 0.1-s loading and a 0.4-s rest period was used for determining the fatigue life of asphalt mixture. Aging, moisture conditioning, and an increase in the test temperature adversely affected the tensile strength of the asphalt mixture. The reduction in stiffness modulus of asphalt mixture that was due to moisture conditioning increased with the increase in the level of aging. The ratio of conditioned to unconditioned stiffness modulus (stiffness modulus ratio) was noticed to be more sensitive to different aging conditions compared with the ratio of conditioned to unconditioned tensile strength (tensile strength ratio). The effect of aging on fatigue life of asphalt mixture reduced with the increase in stress from 450 kPa to 550 kPa and 650 kPa. Further, the fatigue life of asphalt mixture reduced with the increase in test temperature and moisture conditioning. The short-term and extended aged mixture had higher damage value at failure compared with the unaged mixture. The mean fatigue life represented by the scale parameter of Weibull distribution reduced with the increase in aging and moisture conditioning. Further, the reliability of fatigue life of short-term aged and extended aged asphalt mixture was lower than the unaged asphalt mixture. The fatigue model based on plateau value and fatigue life was found to be more accurate compared with other regression models considered. Statistical analysis showed that the critical combinations of factors that influenced the mechanical behavior of asphalt mixture were also dependent on the test type, which included the tensile strength test, stiffness test, and fatigue test.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
References
1.
Fernández-Gómez
W. D.
, Rondón Quintana
H. A.
, Daza
C. E.
, and Reyes
F. A.
Lizcano, “The Effects of Environmental Aging on Colombian Asphalts
,” Fuel
115
(January 2014
): 321
–328
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.0092.
Sebaaly
P. E.
, Hajj
E. Y.
, Sathanathan
T.
, and Shivakolunthar
S.
, “A Comprehensive Evaluation of Moisture Damage of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures
,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering
18
, no. 2
(2017
): 169
–182
, https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2015.10654043.
Qurashi
I.
and Swamy
A.
, “An Energy-Based Approach to Characterizing Short-Term Aging Characteristics of Asphalt
,” Advances in Civil Engineering Materials
7
, no. 2
(2018
): 181
–192
, https://doi.org/10.1520/ACEM201700074.
Zou
J.
, Isola
M.
, Roque
R.
, Chun
S.
, Koh
C.
, and Lopp
G.
, “Effect of Hydrated Lime on Fracture Performance of Asphalt Mixture
,” Construction and Building Materials
44
(July 2013
): 302
–308
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.0195.
Arega
Z. A.
, Bhasin
A.
, and De Kesel
T.
, “Influence of Extended Aging on the Properties of Asphalt Composites Produced Using Hot and Warm Mix Methods
,” Construction and Building Materials
44
(July 2013
): 168
–174
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.02.0816.
Moreno-Navarro
F.
, Sol-Sánchez
M.
, García-Travé
G.
, and Rubio-Gámez
M. C.
, “Fatigue Cracking in Asphalt Mixtures: The Effects of Ageing and Temperature
,” Road Materials and Pavement Design
19
, no. 3
(2018
): 561
–570
, https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2018.14187177.
Yılmaz
M.
, Kök
B. V.
, and Kuloğlu
N.
, “Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Short-and Long-Term Aged Asphaltite Modified Asphalt Mixtures
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
25
, no. 5
(2013
): 563
–572
, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.00006268.
Botella
R.
, Pérez Jiménez
F. E.
, Miró
R.
, and Martínez
A. H.
, “New Methodology to Estimate the Fatigue Behavior of Bituminous Mixtures Using a Strain Sweep Test
,” Construction and Building Materials
135
(March 2017
): 233
–240
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.1909.
Saeidi
H.
and Aghayan
I.
, “Investigating the Effects of Aging and Loading Rate on Low-Temperature Cracking Resistance of Core-Based Asphalt Samples Using Semi-Circular Bending Test
,” Construction and Building Materials
126
(November 2016
): 682
–690
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.05410.
Babadopulos
L. F. de A. L.
, Soares
J. B.
, Ferreira
J. L. S.
, and do Nascimento
L. A. H.
, “Fatigue Cracking Simulation of Aged Asphalt Pavements Using a Viscoelastic Continuum Damage Model
,” Road Materials and Pavement Design
19
, no. 3
(2018
): 546
–560
, https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2018.141871511.
Babadopulos
L. F. de A. L.
, Ferreira
J. L. S.
, Soares
J. B.
, do Nascimento
L. A. H.
, and Castelo Branco
V. T. F.
, “Aging-Effect Incorporation into the Fatigue-Damage Modeling of Asphalt Mixtures Using the S-VECD Model
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
28
, no. 12
(2016
): 04016161, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.000167612.
Baek
C.
, Underwood
B. S.
, and Kim
Y. R.
, “Effects of Oxidative Aging on Asphalt Mixture Properties
,” Transportation Research Record
2296
, no. 1
(2012
): 77
–85
, https://doi.org/10.3141/2296-0813.
Bharath
G.
, Reddy
K. S.
, Tandon
V.
, and Reddy
M. A.
, “Aggregate Gradation Effect on the Fatigue Performance of Recycled Asphalt Mixtures
,” Road Materials and Pavement Design
(2019
): 1
–20
, https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2019.162011614.
Fakhri
M.
, Ghanizadeh
A. R.
, and Omrani
H.
, “Comparison of Fatigue Resistance of HMA and WMA Mixtures Modified by SBS
,” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
104
(December 2013
): 168
–177
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.10915.
Chen
X.
and Huang
B.
, “Evaluation of Moisture Damage in Hot Mix Asphalt Using Simple Performance and Superpave Indirect Tensile Tests
,” Construction and Building Materials
22
, no. 9
(2008
): 1950
–1962
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.07.01416.
Standard Test Method for Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures, ASTM D4867/D4867M-09 (
2014
) (West Conshohocken, PA; ASTM International
, approved July 1, 2014
), https://doi.org/10.1520/D4867_D4867M-09R1417.
Standard Method of Test for Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to Moisture-Induced Damage
, AASHTO T 283 (Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
, 2014
).18.
Huang
B.
, Shu
X.
, Dong
Q.
, and Shen
J.
, “Laboratory Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility of Hot-Mix Asphalt Containing Cementitious Fillers
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
22
, no. 7
(2010
): 667
–673
, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.000006419.
Faramarzi
M.
, Golestani
B.
, and Lee
K. W.
, “Improving Moisture Sensitivity and Mechanical Properties of Sulfur Extended Asphalt Mixture by Nano-Antistripping Agent
,” Construction and Building Materials
133
(February 2017
): 534
–542
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.03820.
López-Montero
T.
and Miró
R.
, “Differences in Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures Due to Ageing and Moisture Damage
,” Construction and Building Materials
112
(June 2016
): 299
–306
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.19921.
Yang
S.
, Braham
A.
, Wang
L.
, and Wang
Q.
, “Influence of Aging and Moisture on Laboratory Performance of Asphalt Concrete
,” Construction and Building Materials
115
(July 2016
): 527
–535
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.04.06322.
Tong
Y.
, Luo
R.
, and Lytton
R. L.
, “Moisture and Aging Damage Evaluation of Asphalt Mixtures Using the Repeated Direct Tensional Test Method
,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering
16
, no. 5
(2015
): 397
–410
, https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2015.100723423.
Airey
G. D.
, Choi
Y. K.
, Collop
A. C.
, Moore
A. J. V.
, and Elliott
R. C.
, “Combined Laboratory Ageing/Moisture Sensitivity Assessment of High Modulus Base Asphalt Mixtures
,” Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists
74
(2005
): 307
–346
.24.
Meena
P. K.
, Saha
G.
, and Biligiri
K. P.
, “Estimation of Fatigue Life Using Resilient Moduli of Asphalt Mixtures
,” Journal of Testing and Evaluation
44
, no. 1
(2015
): 424
–438
, https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE2014037325.
Adhikari
S.
, Shen
S.
, and You
Z.
, “Evaluation of Fatigue Models of Hot-Mix Asphalt through Laboratory Testing
,” Transportation Research Record
2127
, no. 1
(2009
): 36
–42
, https://doi.org/10.3141/2127-0526.
Saboo
N.
, Das
B. P.
, and Kumar
P.
, “New Phenomenological Approach for Modeling Fatigue Life of Asphalt Mixes
,” Construction and Building Materials
121
(September 2016
): 134
–142
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.14727.
Perraton
D.
, Touhara
R.
, Di Benedetto
H.
, and Carter
A.
, “Ability of the Classical Fatigue Criterion to Be Associated with Macro-Crack Growth
,” Materials and Structures
48
, no. 8
(2015
): 2383
–2395
, https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0321-828.
Di Benedetto
H.
, de La Roche
C.
, Baaj
H.
, Pronk
A.
, and Lundström
R.
, “Fatigue of Bituminous Mixtures
,” Materials and Structures
37
, no. 3
(2004
): 202
–216
, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0248162029.
Carpenter
S. H.
and Shen
S.
, “Dissipated Energy Approach to Study Hot-Mix Asphalt Healing in Fatigue
,” Transportation Research Record
1970
, no. 1
(2006
): 178
–185
, https://doi.org/10.1177/036119810619700011930.
Shen
S.
, Airey
G. D.
, Carpenter
S. H.
, and Huang
H.
, “A Dissipated Energy Approach to Fatigue Evaluation
,” Road Materials and Pavement Design
7
, no. 1
(2006
): 47
–69
, https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2006.969002631.
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
Specification for Road Transport & Highways
, Fifth Revision (New Delhi: Indian Roads Congress
, 2013
).32.
Asphalt Institute
Mix Design Methods for Asphalt Concrete and Other Hot-Mix Types
, MS-2 (Lexington, KY: Asphalt Institute
, 1984
).33.
Bituminous Mixtures. Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt. Stiffness (Withdrawn)
, BS EN 12697-26:2004 (London: British Standard Institution
, 2004
).34.
Standard Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of Asphalt Mixtures, ASTM D6931-17 (West Conshohocken, PA;
ASTM International
, approved July 1, 2017
), https://doi.org/10.1520/D6931-1735.
Bituminous Mixtures. Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt. Resistance to Fatigue (Withdrawn)
, BS EN 12697-24:2004 (London: British Standards Institution
, 2004
).36.
Islam
M. R.
, Hossain
M. I.
, and Tarefder
R. A.
, “A Study of Asphalt Aging Using Indirect Tensile Strength Test
,” Construction and Building Materials
95
(October 2015
): 218
–223
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.15937.
Ziari
H.
, Moniri
A.
, Bahri
P.
, and Saghafi
Y.
, “The Effect of Rejuvenators on the Aging Resistance of Recycled Asphalt Mixtures
,” Construction and Building Materials
224
(November 2019
): 89
–98
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.18138.
Bala
N.
and Napiah
M.
, “Fatigue Life and Rutting Performance Modelling of Nanosilica/Polymer Composite Modified Asphalt Mixtures Using Weibull Distribution
,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering
21
, no. 4
(2020
): 497
–506
, https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2018.1492132
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.
