Degenerative wear to the glenoid from repetitive loading can reduce effective concavity depth and lead to future instability. Workspace design should consider glenohumeral stability to prevent initial wear. While glenohumeral stability has been previously explored for activities of daily living including push–pull tasks, whether stability is spatially dependent is unexplored. We simulated bimanual and unimanual push–pull tasks to four horizontal targets (planes of elevation: 0 deg, 45 deg, 90 deg, and 135 deg) at 90 deg thoracohumeral elevation and three elevation targets (thoracohumeral elevations: 20 deg, 90 deg, 170 deg) at 90 deg plane of elevation. The 45 deg horizontal target was most stable regardless of exertion type and would be the ideal target placement when considering stability. This target is likely more stable because the applied load acts perpendicular to the glenoid, limiting shear force production. The 135 deg horizontal target was particularly unstable for unimanual pushing (143% less stable than the 45 deg target), and the applied force for this task acts parallel to the glenoid, likely creating shear forces or limiting compressive forces. Pushing was less stable than pulling (all targets except sagittal 170 deg for both task types and horizontal 45 deg for bimanual) (p < 0.01), which is consistent with prior reports. For example, unimanual pushing at the 90 deg horizontal target was 197% less stable than unimanual pulling. There were limited stability benefits to task placement for pushing, and larger stability benefits may be seen from converting tasks from push to pull rather than optimizing task layout. There was no difference in stability between bimanual and unimanual tasks, suggesting no stability benefit to bimanual operation.
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Spatial Dependency of Glenohumeral Joint Stability During Dynamic Unimanual and Bimanual Pushing and Pulling
Daniel C. McFarland,
Daniel C. McFarland
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: dcmcfarl@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: dcmcfarl@ncsu.edu
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Emily M. McCain,
Emily M. McCain
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: emmccain@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: emmccain@ncsu.edu
Search for other works by this author on:
Michael N. Poppo,
Michael N. Poppo
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: mnpoppo@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: mnpoppo@ncsu.edu
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Katherine R. Saul
Katherine R. Saul
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: ksaul@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: ksaul@ncsu.edu
1Corresponding author.
Search for other works by this author on:
Daniel C. McFarland
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: dcmcfarl@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: dcmcfarl@ncsu.edu
Emily M. McCain
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: emmccain@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: emmccain@ncsu.edu
Michael N. Poppo
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: mnpoppo@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: mnpoppo@ncsu.edu
Katherine R. Saul
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: ksaul@ncsu.edu
Engineering,
North Carolina State University,
911 Oval Drive,
Raleigh, NC 27606
e-mail: ksaul@ncsu.edu
1Corresponding author.
Manuscript received July 31, 2018; final manuscript received February 18, 2019; published online March 25, 2019. Assoc. Editor: Steven D. Abramowitch.
J Biomech Eng. May 2019, 141(5): 051006 (7 pages)
Published Online: March 25, 2019
Article history
Received:
July 31, 2018
Revised:
February 18, 2019
Citation
McFarland, D. C., McCain, E. M., Poppo, M. N., and Saul, K. R. (March 25, 2019). "Spatial Dependency of Glenohumeral Joint Stability During Dynamic Unimanual and Bimanual Pushing and Pulling." ASME. J Biomech Eng. May 2019; 141(5): 051006. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4043035
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