The foot consists of many small bones with complicated joints that guide and limit motion. A variety of invasive and noninvasive means [mechanical, X-ray stereophotogrammetry, electromagnetic sensors, retro-reflective motion analysis, computer tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] have been used to quantify foot bone motion. In the current study we used a foot plate with an electromagnetic sensor to determine an individual subject’s foot end range of motion (ROM) from maximum plantar flexion, internal rotation, and inversion to maximum plantar flexion, inversion, and internal rotation to maximum dorsiflexion, eversion, and external rotation. We then used a custom built MRI-compatible device to hold each subject’s foot during scanning in eight unique positions determined from the end ROM data. The scan data were processed using software that allowed the bones to be segmented with the foot in the neutral position and the bones in the other seven positions to be registered to their base positions with minimal user intervention. Bone to bone motion was quantified using finite helical axes (FHA). FHA for the talocrural, talocalcaneal, and talonavicular joints compared well to published studies, which used a variety of technologies and input motions. This study describes a method for quantifying foot bone motion from maximum plantar flexion, inversion, and internal rotation to maximum dorsiflexion, eversion, and external rotation with relatively little user processing time.
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e-mail: wrledoux@u.washington.edu
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October 2011
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Evaluating Foot Kinematics Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: From Maximum Plantar Flexion, Inversion, and Internal Rotation to Maximum Dorsiflexion, Eversion, and External Rotation
Michael J. Fassbind,
Michael J. Fassbind
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108
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Eric S. Rohr,
Eric S. Rohr
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108
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Yangqiu Hu,
Yangqiu Hu
Department of Bioengineering,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195
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David R. Haynor,
David R. Haynor
Departments of Bioengineering and Radiology,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195
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Sorin Siegler,
Sorin Siegler
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,
Drexel University
, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Bruce J. Sangeorzan,
Bruce J. Sangeorzan
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108; Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195
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William R. Ledoux
William R. Ledoux
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108; Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine and, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
e-mail: wrledoux@u.washington.edu
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195,
Search for other works by this author on:
Michael J. Fassbind
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108
Eric S. Rohr
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108
Yangqiu Hu
Department of Bioengineering,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195
David R. Haynor
Departments of Bioengineering and Radiology,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195
Sorin Siegler
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,
Drexel University
, Philadelphia, PA 19104
Bruce J. Sangeorzan
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108; Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195
William R. Ledoux
RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Heath Care System, Seattle, WA 98108; Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine and, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Washington
, Seattle, WA 98195,e-mail: wrledoux@u.washington.edu
J Biomech Eng. Oct 2011, 133(10): 104502 (7 pages)
Published Online: November 3, 2011
Article history
Received:
September 9, 2011
Revised:
September 13, 2011
Accepted:
September 14, 2011
Online:
November 3, 2011
Published:
November 3, 2011
Citation
Fassbind, M. J., Rohr, E. S., Hu, Y., Haynor, D. R., Siegler, S., Sangeorzan, B. J., and Ledoux, W. R. (November 3, 2011). "Evaluating Foot Kinematics Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: From Maximum Plantar Flexion, Inversion, and Internal Rotation to Maximum Dorsiflexion, Eversion, and External Rotation." ASME. J Biomech Eng. October 2011; 133(10): 104502. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4005177
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