The Circle of Willis (CoW) is a ringlike structure of blood vessels found at the base of the brain. Its main function is to distribute oxygen-rich arterial blood to the cerebral mass. In a previous study, a one-dimensional (1D) model of the CoW was created to simulate a series of possible clinical scenarios such as occlusions in afferent arteries, absent or stringlike circulus vessels, or arterial infarctions (Moorhead et al., 2004, Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Eng., 7(3), pp. 121–130). The model captured cerebral haemodynamic autoregulation by using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller to modify efferent artery resistances. Although some good results and correlations were achieved, the model was too simple to capture all the transient dynamics of autoregulation. Hence a more physiologically accurate model has been created that additionally includes the oxygen dynamics that drive the autoregulatory response. Results very closely match accepted physiological response and limited clinical data. In addition, a set of boundary conditions and geometry is presented for which the autoregulated system cannot provide sufficient perfusion, representing a condition with increased risk of stroke and highlighting the importance of modeling the haemodynamics of the CoW. The system model created is computationally simple so it can be used to identify at-risk cerebral arterial geometries and conditions prior to surgery or other clinical procedures.
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June 2006
Technical Briefs
Metabolic Model of Autoregulation in the Circle of Willis
K. T. Moorhead,
K. T. Moorhead
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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J. G. Chase,
J. G. Chase
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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T. David,
T. David
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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J. Arnold
J. Arnold
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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K. T. Moorhead
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
J. G. Chase
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
T. David
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
J. Arnold
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New ZealandJ Biomech Eng. Jun 2006, 128(3): 462-466 (5 pages)
Published Online: December 12, 2005
Article history
Received:
February 6, 2005
Revised:
December 12, 2005
Citation
Moorhead, K. T., Chase, J. G., David, T., and Arnold, J. (December 12, 2005). "Metabolic Model of Autoregulation in the Circle of Willis." ASME. J Biomech Eng. June 2006; 128(3): 462–466. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2187048
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