Background. The vibrational characteristics of any object are directly dependent on the physical properties of that object. Therefore, changing the physical properties of an object will cause the object to adopt changed natural frequencies. A fracture in a bone results in the loss of mechanical stability of the bone. This change in mechanical properties of a bone should result in a change of the resonant frequencies of that bone. A vibrational method for bone evaluation has been introduced. Method of approach. This method uses the radiation force of focused amplitude-modulated ultrasound to exert a vibrating force directly, and remotely, on a bone. The vibration frequency is varied in the range of interest to induce resonances in the bone. The resulting bone motion is recorded and the resonance frequencies are determined. Experiments are conducted on excised rat femurs and resonance frequencies of intact, fractured, and bonded (simulating healed) bones are measured. Results. The experiments demonstrate that changes in the resonance frequency are indicative of bone fracture and healing, i.e., the fractured bone exhibits a lower resonance frequency than the intact bone, and the resonance frequency of the bonded bone approaches that of the intact bone. Conclusion. It is concluded that the proposed radiation force method may be used as a remote and noninvasive tool for monitoring bone fracture and healing process, and the use of focused ultrasound enables one to selectively evaluate individual bones.
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e-mail: aza@mayo.edu
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June 2006
Technical Papers
Vibrational Characteristics of Bone Fracture and Fracture Repair: Application to Excised Rat Femur
Azra Alizad,
Azra Alizad
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,
e-mail: aza@mayo.edu
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
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Matthew Walch,
Matthew Walch
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics,
University of Minnesota
, St. Paul, MN 55108-6026
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James F. Greenleaf,
James F. Greenleaf
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
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Mostafa Fatemi
Mostafa Fatemi
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
Search for other works by this author on:
Azra Alizad
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905e-mail: aza@mayo.edu
Matthew Walch
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics,
University of Minnesota
, St. Paul, MN 55108-6026
James F. Greenleaf
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
Mostafa Fatemi
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905J Biomech Eng. Jun 2006, 128(3): 300-308 (9 pages)
Published Online: December 9, 2005
Article history
Received:
May 2, 2005
Revised:
December 9, 2005
Citation
Alizad, A., Walch, M., Greenleaf, J. F., and Fatemi, M. (December 9, 2005). "Vibrational Characteristics of Bone Fracture and Fracture Repair: Application to Excised Rat Femur." ASME. J Biomech Eng. June 2006; 128(3): 300–308. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2187037
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