... of realistic load spectra representative of wave loading on tubular structures in the North Sea is feasible at the current state of the art. The basic steps needed for implementation of a tentative standard load spectrum are described. fatigue testing load spectra offshore structures welded joints...

... such as stress state and load frequency. α′ includes shear modulus, Poisson's ratio, and hydraulic conductivity of the soil and compressibility and unit weight of the fluid along with frequency of wave loading and a characteristic dimension. The determination of α′ is based on the measurement of pore pressure...

... The liquefaction potential of sediment in Norton Sound and the northern Bering Sea was evaluated by estimating the liquefaction susceptibility of the material from in-situ and laboratory tests in terms of earthquake and wave loads required to liquefy the material, and then comparing estimated...