...-documented mechanism to estimate MCDA values and is now being considered by ASTM for a wider audience of users. We describe some of the details of this method and demonstrate two other applications: (1) ozone measurements that were simultaneously collected on two commercial monitors and the NIST Standard...

... The verification of the cleanup of dune sands from a dissolved phase petroleum hydrocarbon plume at an active service station site undergoing ozone treatment is being accomplished through soil and groundwater sampling. We hope to use modeling by the dual-equilibrium desorption (DED) model...

... The fabrics of welders' protective garments can be worn out after only one or two use-wash cycles. It is probable that the by-products in the welding process, i.e., ultraviolet C-type (UVC) radiation, ozone, metal fumes, can contribute to the molecular changes responsible for the degradation...

... British Airways (BA) and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (KLM) occasionally receive reports from flight deck and cabin crew of symptoms regarding the respiratory tract and eyes. Dry eyes, dry throat and respiratory discomfort may be a result of low relative humidity or may be due to raised ozone...

... Constituents of the stratosphere and troposphere that serve to define the solar ultraviolet spectral energy distribution that is important to the outdoor deterioration of polymer-based materials are reviewed. Particular attention is devoted to the influence of ozone ⋯ both from an historical...

... approved. Initial findings from the Phase I study and Phase II plans will be presented. reformulated gasolines vehicle emissions ozone aromatics olefins RVP oxygenates sulfur 90% distillation temperature Leo J. McCabe i INITIAL RESULTS FROM THE AUTO/OIL AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT RESEARCH...

... or moles deposited per area per time) to the surface divided by the pollutant concentration in the core region. This concept has substantial value to the extent that the flux density is proportional to core concentration. Empirically, the problem of human exposure to ozone in commercial buildings has been...

....) seedlings were exposed to a range of ozone treatments in opentop chambers at two study sites in North Carolina. Treatments consisted of charcoal-filtered (CF) air and proportional additions of ozone to non-filtered air in relation to the ambient ozone concentration. Diagnostic gas exchange measurements...

... different soil regimes. Plant growth and symptom data were collected during the growing seasons of 1983–1987. Air pollutant and weather data were obtained from local and national agencies. No symptoms of sulfur dioxide injury were confirmed, but symptoms of ozone injury were observed in all five years...

... commercial NO x detectors presently available, namely, sensitivity down to 10 ppt or less, and virtual freedom from interferences that now plague other methods. (3) An ozone scrubber has been developed that removes ozone (O 3 ) from the sample air without destroying more than 10% of the NO 2 . This removes...

... There exists a federal mandate for the reduction of PROCs released into air as a method of reducing ozone in the lower atmosphere. Some VOCs may also be PROCs. State and local agencies responsible for carrying out the mandate have indicated their desire to ban or limit the VOC content...

... dioxide (NO 2 ), paniculate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), and lead (Pb). In each case, the NAAQSs have been selected to provide protection against either known or hypothetical responses among one or more susceptible subpopulations, such as angina in cardiovascular patients exposed...

... of the lung. The airway anatomy and ventilation patterns of the animal are important in determining a site-specific dose. These factors combine with differences in cell sensitivity to help define why some species or individuals are uniquely sensitive to the inhalation of toxic gases and particles. ozone...

... to different, and perhaps even to the same, inflammatory stimuli. In human subjects, there appears to be a wide range of sensitivity to the effects of ozone on airway responsiveness, but any physiological, biochemical, or genetic bases for ozone sensitivity remain to be determined. asthma airway...

... This overview is intended to add three points to those that will be covered in detail by the papers in this section. I wish to contribute them to the general discussion as otherwise they might be overlooked. air pollution emphysema asthma ozone David V. Bates I Overview...

... Individuals differ widely in the magnitude of their acute respiratory responses to ozone exposure. These differences have been shown to be quite reproducible, indicating that they are the result of differences in intrinsic responsiveness to ozone. This difference in responsiveness...

... Transient respiratory irritant effects from exposure to elevated levels of ambient ozone are well documented in studies of human volunteers. Individual reactivity to ozone varies greatly, for unknown reasons. From animal toxicologic evidence, one may reasonably hypothesize that repeated ozone...

... Oxidant pollutants in the atmosphere, particularly ozone and nitrogen dioxide, can injure components of the respiratory tract important in the defense against infection. Epidemiologic studies have not conclusively associated elevated oxidant levels with an increased incidence of respiratory...

... Current concepts of the nature of asthma and of the effects of ozone on the lungs and airways seem logically to predict that people with asthma should have heightened sensitivity to the adverse effects of exposure to ozone. At least some epidemiologic studies seem to bear out this expectation...

... for establishing scientifically defensible National Ambient Air Quality Standards. ozone sulfur dioxide susceptible subpopulations hyper-responsive exposuredose dose-response populations National Ambient Air Quality Standards disease mechanisms Roger O. McClellan I Reflections on the Symposium...