... CO 2 emissions. Although lime mortar technology predates cement mortars, lime mortar characterization for national standards currently utilizes know-how derived from cement standards, with a particular focus on ASTM C778–06 sand, volumetric ratios of raw materials, and predetermined water content...

... plastic box with brick test specimen inserted in each face and filling of the box with a slurry of the test mortar ingredients; (2) open top brick masonry box constructed with the brick and mortar test specimens and filling of the box with water; (3) brick masonry wallettes constructed with the brick...

... mortar bloom scumming testing Reprinted from JAI, Vol. 7, No. 5 doi:10.1520/JAI102725 Available online at www.astm.org/JAI John P. Sanders1 and Denis A. Brosnan2 Test Method for Determining the Ef orescence Potential of Masonry Materials Based on Soluble Salt Content ABSTRACT: A single test method...

... of bed depth on heat flow was also investigated. Larger units with optimized coring designs resulted in substantial reductions in heat flow. Heat flow through the mortar joint was also compared to heat flow through the brick. Wall designs that minimize the mortar joint thickness also reduce the heat flow...

... Laboratory testing of mortars by chemical analysis and petrography is generally appropriate to determine mortar composition, and to provide a basis for the formulation of compatible repair or replacement mortars. In cases of masonry distress and failures, analysis by C 1324 alone is often less...

... materials studied were an aerated concrete, a high-density hollow concrete block, a hollow clay block and two mortars of widely different density. Measurements were carried out by a number of thermal conductivity laboratories in accordance with appropriate ISO and CEN standards on each material in the dry...

... This paper presents the investigation and characterization of Type S hydrated lime in aged solutions with sand and with subsequent addition of Portland cement. The plastic mortar workability and flow as prescribed by ASTM Standards C207 and C270, the rheological properties, the microstructure...

... The Romans introduced and used pozzolanic mortars and cements. In recent years pozzolans are again being used, especially in concrete. With the modifications of ASTM C 270 to include C 595 and C 1157 cements, pozzolans are becoming more common in cement-lime mixes. Failures have been reported...

... The effect of acid rain on mortar durability is not well understood. In particular, little work has been done on the reaction of magnesium hydroxide in dolomitic Type S hydrated lime with sulfuric acid compounds. In this study, this reaction is investigated using two different exposure...

... provides a limited resource in defining suitable pozzolans to be used with lime for masonry mortars and exterior plasters. One of its limitations is that the specified pozzolan-lime weight ratio is not representative of a traditional volumetric ratio of one volume part binder to three volume parts sand...

... The structural performance of masonry is in part influenced by the relative and absolute compressive strength of the units, mortar, and grout. However, during the period immediately following masonry construction, the compressive strength of a given assemblage is often uncertain...

... Under the auspices of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement, an interlaboratory study was conducted to determine precision and bias for bond-wrench testing carried out under the requirements of ASTM Specification for Mortar Cement (C 1329-98) and ASTM Test Methods for Evaluating Masonry Bond Strength...

... The electrical conductivity of mortar and concrete samples was measured. Series of samples were prepared with crushed limestone (approximately 95–98% calcium carbonate), water-to-cement ratios of 0.53, 0.59, 0.70 and 0.76 and cured at 7 and 28 days. The conductivity, for both mortar and concrete...

... and disaggregation of mineral matrices. In-kind replacement of mortar (25–50 years service) and lead (75–100 years service) are viable alternatives to sealants (5–10 years service) for joint repair in historic stone. The traditional materials are cost competitive with sealants, particularly if scaffolding costs...

... distribution and 0.885 Mpa (128.36 psi) for pure shear stress. masonry walls out-of-plane shear in-plane shear mortar concrete masonry units R. Craig Henderson,~ G. Scott Wilson, 2 L.K. Crouch, 3 William A. Sneed, Jr.4 COMPARISON OF ACTUAL AND ALLOWABLE STRESS VALUES FOR OUTOF-PLANE SHEAR...

... In 1996, ASTM approved a specification for a new product, called mortar cement, intended for use in applications requiring masonry with high tensile bond strength. An inter-laboratory testing program is planned; the objectives will include the determination of intra- and inter-laboratory...

... industry. Other significant findings found during the investigation that are not as well documented are as follows: 1. Deterioration of brick in walls due to exposure to severe weathering is rare even among brick that meets ASTM Grade SW by alternate considerations. 2. Deterioration of mortar in walls due...

... A specification for mortar cement was incorporated into the Uniform Building Code (UBC) Standards by the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO) in 1991. This action was taken on the basis of recommendations made by the Masonry Industry Code Committee (MICC), a volunteer committee...

... This investigation determined the effect of freezing and thawing on mortar bond strengths. Comparisons were made of a Type S portland cement-lime mortar without an air entraining agent and a companion mortar of the same cement-lime proportions with a purposefully added air entraining agent...

... The increasing use of cement mortars over plywood substrates and in high-rise buildings has demanded new performance requirements of these mortars to overcome dimensional movement in these substrates. A -10°C Tg, glass transition temperature EVA redispersible polymer powder is compared to a +10...