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Keywords: fires
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eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2009
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7508-2
... contaminants in the oxygen systems can be challenging and numerous fires have occurred due to contaminant-promoted ignition sources. This paper presents many good practices that can be practically implemented to reduce the risk of oxygen fires in typical steel mill oxygen system installations. oxygen...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1997
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2402-3
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2402-8
... Fire fighters' protective clothing is designed to perform several functions. Of these, protection from heat and flame is one of the most important. Today's fire fighter protective clothing designs are based on years of field experience and research studies which addressed structural fires. Much...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1997
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2470-8
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2470-7
... recycling civil engineering road fill fires chipped tires pyrolysis reaction reuse spontaneous reaction Washington State lightweight fill aggregate David E. B. Nightingale 1, William P. Green2 AN UNRESOLVED RIDDLE: TIRE CHIPS, TWO ROADBEDS, AND SPONTANEOUS REACTIONS REFERENCE: Nightingale...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1997
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2401-5
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2401-1
... may be encountered. Flammability (Metals) AL-6XN 347 Stainless Steel INCO A HAYNES ULTIMET HAYNES 230 HAYNES 214 HAYNES 556 HAYNES HR-160 Ignition Fires Safety Oxygen Index Oxygen Combustion Kenneth Mcllroy I, Robert Zawierucha I and Joseph F. Million I PROMOTED IGNITION...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1995
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2004-4
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2004-4
...% oxygen at pressures up to 1.5 MPa. Flammability (Metals) Aluminum Titanium Niobium Ignition Fires Safety Oxygen Index Oxygen Combustion Robert Zawierucha1, Kenneth McIlroy1, and Joseph F. MillionI PROMOTED IGNITION-COMBUSTION BEHAVIOR OF LIGHT METALS IN OXYGEN ENRICHED ATMOSPHERES...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1992
ISBN-10: 0-8031-1447-8
ISBN: 978-0-8031-1447-0
... into a structured decision support tool. Procedures presented in this paper can be applied to a wide array of hazardous storage versus off-site risk exposure projects. Quantitative risk assessment procedures are applied in determining fire and explosion effect zones and fatality probabilities in the area directly...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1989
ISBN-10: 0-8031-1288-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-1288-9
... the test specimen. The oxygen purities of the gas mixtures varied from 40 to 99.998% oxygen. Test data and methods were compared. flammability (metals) carbon steel stainless steel ignition fires safety oxygen index oxygen combustion Kenneth Mc llroy I and Robert Zawierucha I The Effects...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1989
ISBN-10: 0-8031-1288-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-1288-9
.... Alloy 304 also exhibited much lower thresholds after annealing and exhibited the lowest threshold with a vertical orientation. An approach to using these and other data to support increased usage of 304 is reviewed. oxygen index flammability (metals) combustion ignition fires hazards safety...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1988
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0998-9
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0998-8
... slightly lower than aluminum Alloy 6061, despite their high copper content. oxygen index flammability (metals) combustion ignition fires hazards safety aluminum aluminum alloys aluminum bronze Michael A. Benning,^ John S. Zabrenski,^ and Ngoc B. Le^ The Flammability of Aluminum Alloys...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1988
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0998-9
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0998-8
... The Health and Safety Executive has recently reviewed fire and explosion incidents involving the use of high-pressure oxygen reported from 1982 to 1985 in Great Britain. This was undertaken as part of the background work for a research project on the ignition and combustion of materials...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1987
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0957-1
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0957-5
... In 1981 the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) began a research program to study pulverized coal fires and explosions in the U.S. utility industry. Historical trends resulting from an industry-wide survey and experimental results of explosion-related testing are discussed. The survey...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1986
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0474-X
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0474-7
... rubber as an ignition source for carbon steel. flammability (metals) carbon steel ignition fires hazards safety oxygen index Monel Michael A. Benning^ and Barry L. Werley^ The Flammability of Carbon Steel as Determined By Pressurized Oxygen Index Measurements REFERENCE: Benning, M...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1985
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0426-X
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0426-6
... This paper presents a framework for modelling the growth of fire in a building as a stochastic phenomenon. After discussing the probability distributions of duration of burning and damage, a state transition model involving four states is proposed for describing the progressive stage of fire...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1985
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0426-X
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0426-6
... Studies carried out by the Fire Research Station in the United Kingdom on human aspects of fires fall mainly into seven areas (indicated in the following paragraphs by italics). Research on perception and acceptability of risk indicated that people have a fairly accurate perception...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1983
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0230-5
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0230-9
... Safety and health issues on the use of thermal insulation were formally brought to the attention of the Consumer Product Safety Commission by a petition from the Metropolitan Denver District Attorney's Consumer Office in 1976. Risks of injury due to fire, chemical, or health hazards from...
eBook Chapter
Book: Fire Risk Assessment
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1982
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0724-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0724-3
... Fires can be considered a causal chain-of-events in which the growth and spread of fire may cause damage and injury if it is rapid enough to overcome the barriers placed in its way. Fire tests for fire resistance of the barriers can be used in a quantitative risk assessment. The fire growth...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1976
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0352-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0352-8
... During the past century, efforts to control and reduce fire losses have concentrated successively on conflagrations destroying entire cities, large sections of cities, or large buildings, and, finally, on fires in the room of origin or in family residences. The first effort created effective...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1976
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0352-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0352-8
... The National Fire Incident Reporting System is the collection of national fire loss data for fires attended by the fire service. It includes information on factors involved in fire ignition, spread, and extinguishment. It has been developed with recognition of the importance of serving the needs...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1976
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0352-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0352-8
... Data are presented and analyzed on the demographic variables (location, age, sex, and race) of people perishing in fires in the state of Maryland in 1972/1973, on the physical causes of these fires, and on the most likely medical effects. Carbon monoxide as asphyxiant, cigarettes as ignition...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1976
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0352-2
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0352-8
... at developing a heat transfer concept for possible consideration as part of a general apparel fabric flammability test method. fires flammability flammability testing fabrics apparel fabrics heat transfer burns (injuries) /. R. Bercaw,^ K. G. Jordan,^ and A. Z. Moss^ Estimating Injury from...
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