... Many, if not most, pesticides are not compatible with liquid fertilizers. The goal of the research presented in this paper was to develop a dispersant system that would allow the direct dilution of suspension-based agrochemical formulations into undiluted fertilizer. To evaluate...

... changes in the formulation during storage. Lignosulfonates are natural water-soluble polymers based on wood biorefinery that can be used as crystal growth inhibitors in suspension concentrates. In addition, lignosulfonates are highly efficient dispersants because they rapidly adsorb onto the newly created...

... Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensates, lignosulfonates, block copolymers, and alkoxylated polyarylphenol derivatives are used as dispersants in pesticide suspension concentrate (SC) and suspoemulsion formulations. Typically, a pesticide formulation could contain either type of dispersant...

... A new family of dispersants for agrochemical suspension concentrate (SC) formulations has been created by reacting an anhydride-bearing resin with a methyl capped polyether amine. The result is a moderate molecular weight graft polyamide, with the desirable “comb” geometry. From this family...

... of the dispersants. alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate lignosulfonate dispersant suspension concentrates water dispersible granules pesticide Mark W. Alexander1 Journal of ASTM International, Vol. 5, No. 2 Paper ID JAI100891 Available online at www.astm.org Formulation Performance Improvements...

... of sulfonation impact the hydrophobic balance and subsequent performance of lignin dispersants, but analytical measurements of these properties typically report an average value and give little or no detail about heterogeneity. Each component of this mixture will impart a unique quality to the dispersant and its...

... Dissolution rate of 16 sulfonated dispersants was measured in both water and 32-0-0 liquid fertilizer. Two dispersants, BNA and UCA, having different dissolution rates, were used to granulate a 70 % Amicarbazone formulation. Extrusions were made on a MG-55 Multigranulator using both the dome...

... The purpose of this study was to identify combinations of dispersants and wetting agents that may show broad utility in dry flowable formulations. The study tested four types of dispersants in combination with six types of wetting agents. Wettable powder formulations using four different active...

...% of total solids. These combinations were pressure cooked for 2 hours at 150°C and the resulting products tested as dispersants. All combinations showed significant improvement in suspensibility of 85% copper oxychloride (COC) wettable powder (WP) in extra-hard water versus cooked sulfite lignin (CSL...

... High concentration extruded water dispersible granules (WG) can be processed using styrene acrylic and modified styrene acrylic dispersants at formulation concentrations usually found in wettable powder formulations: 3–7 % (w/w). These dispersants have found application with a wide range...

... are consistent with preferential adsorption of the graft copolymer in the presence of ligninsulfonate on chlorothalonil. graft copolymer butene polyvinylpyrrolidone surface tension ligninsulfonate adsorption chlorothalonil dispersant PVP/butene copolymer hydrophilic complexation butylated...

... The effectiveness of relevant dispersants for use under “Arctic conditions” has been tested with the IFP dilution test. “Arctic conditions” in this context are defined as low temperature (0°C) and water salinities varying between 0.5% and 3.5%. The study was performed in three steps...

... Measuring the oil droplet sizes produced when oil is dispersed at sea is a critical stage in understanding the process of dispersion. A laser Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) with a measurement range 1–300μm has been developed which can distinguish between oil and the background signal...

... Modern oil spill dispersant formulations are concentrated blends of surface active agents (surfactants) in a solvent carrier system. The surfactants are effective for lowering the interfacial tension of the oil slick and promoting and stabilizing oil-in-water dispersions. The solvent system has...

... A study is described in which the effectiveness of Corexit 9527 on Alaskan North Slope crude oil was assessed by conducting laboratory and wave basin tests. Three laboratory dispersant test systems were used: the MNS, Labofina and EXDET procedures. It was concluded that for the present purposes...

... of the diprotic species assists emulsion stability and dispersion rheology, whereas the TPA route is preferable in circumstances involving high electrolyte conditions such as fertilizer solutions. phosphorylating agent tetraphosphoric acid phosphorus pentoxide phosphate esters emulsifier dispersant...

..., and weathering of oil spilled in two scenarios: as untreated oil on the surface and as chemically dispersed oil discharged below the surface. Conclusions are drawn about the weathering of oil in the two scenarios, transport of low and high molecular weight hydrocarbons into the water column and their persistence...

... A multidisciplinary task force with membership from government agencies, academia, and industry is developing ecologically based guidelines for dispersant use in marine and estuarine environments. The guidelines are organized by habitat type (e.g., coral reefs, rocky shores, bird habitats...

... Since 1978, dispersant use guidelines have been developed and implemented for regional response teams (RRTs) in standard federal Regions IX and X, to enhance the RRTs' ability to respond rapidly to requests to use dispersants. The guidelines define the data necessary to give approval. These data...

... An ecological impact model, designed to estimate the impact of chemically treated and untreated oil spills on seabirds and fish, was developed to aid dispersant-use decision-making. Impact was defined as the proportion of the animal population killed and the length of time required...