... A model has been developed to predict crack opening and closure behavior for propagating fatigue cracks which are nonflat and undergo significant sliding displacements. Crack surfaces were characterized by a random distribution of asperity heights, density of asperities, and asperity radii...

... is explicit, universally applicable, and self-consistent should be helpful in aiding communication among fractographers. This paper suggests a possible unified system for discussion and refinement. crack surfaces Wallner lines hackle scarps V. D. Frechette^ Markings on Crack Surfaces of Brittle...