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1-20 of 28
Keywords: cleanliness
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eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2022
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7714-7
... longer oil and equipment life with less maintenance and downtime. The most common way to measure oil cleanliness is by utilizing a light-extinction method to count particulates. In this method, a lubricant passes by a light source; particles within the lubricant interact with the light and are measured...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Manuals
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2022
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7150-3
... through hardening processes are described as well as the carbide microstructure effects in secondary hardening treatment for steels for high temperature aerospace precision rolling bearings. Metallurgical cleanliness is an all-encompassing parameter in steels for rolling bearings and as such the various...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2021
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7698-0
... Contamination typically represents the most ignitable and flammable material in an oxygen system and poses an oxygen fire risk. Particulate generated by the materials used to preserve the cleanliness of an oxygen-cleaned part can contaminate an oxygen system. No standard was discoverable...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2020
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7692-8
... and cleanliness assessment results. The interest in using new techniques such as microwave microscopy to reveal subsurface defects is highlighted, underlining how promising these techniques are. bearing steel ASP 2055 powder metallurgy rolling contact fatigue cleanliness microstructure scanning...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2020
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7692-8
... Cleanliness in bearing alloys is critical for bearing performance, especially in aerospace applications. As the demand on engine performance increases, the need for improved cleanliness becomes even more important. Double vacuum-melted bearing steels were introduced to the industry in the early...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Manuals
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2019
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7089-6
... Technological advances and commercial pressures looking for improved efficiencies, better reliability, and longer service intervals require more stringent cleanliness controls of lubricants and fuels such as aviation turbine and automotive diesel. These requirements led to the initial...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2019
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7677-5
... inclusions cleanliness FOURTH SYMPOSIUM ON FATIGUE AND FRACTURE OF METALLIC MEDICAL MATERIALS AND DEVICES 1 STP 1616, 2019 / available online at www.astm.org / doi: 10.1520/STP161620180041 Alan R. Pelton,1 Sean M. Pelton,1 Tim Jo¨rn,1 Jochen Ulmer,2 Dave Niedermaier,2 Katrazyna Plaskonka,1 William S...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2016
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7637-9
... Cleanliness is considered a foundational element of a safe oxygen system or component. Contaminants, particularly in the form of hydrocarbon oil or grease surface films, are considered more ignitable than the bulk materials of a component or system. Furthermore, ignition of oil or grease films...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2015
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7605-8
... that was used as electrodes for subsequent remelt processing to provide the ESR and VAR samples. A set of mid-radius samples were prepared from 210 mm diameter bars from the air melt and offspring ESR and VAR processed steels for steel cleanliness evaluation. Values from a series of cleanliness metrics...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2010
ISBN: 978-0-8031-7510-5
... Today, the cleanliness assessment of bearing steel is usually performed by using standard metallographic methods such as ASTM E45, DIN 50602, Norme Internationale ISO 4967, ASTM 2283, etc. These methods are based on the estimation of indexes, and they use either reference images given by charts...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2007
ISBN-10: 0-8031-3491-6
ISBN: 978-0-8031-3491-1
... The cleanliness of bearing steels is a critical factor that influences directly the rolling contact fatigue performance and other mechanical properties of bearings. Hence, the evaluation of nonmetallic inclusions is a very important issue for steelmakers, bearing producers, and users...
eBook Chapter
Book: Bearing Steel Technology
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2002
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2894-0
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2894-1
... In the steels used for bearing applications, one of the most important functional properties is fatigue endurance, which is closely related to the micro and macro cleanliness of the metal. Like other bearing steel producers throughout the world (Timken, SKF, Daïdo, Sanyo, etc.), Ascometal has...
eBook Chapter
Book: Bearing Steel Technology
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 2002
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2894-0
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2894-1
... with the aid of microscopic image analysis, and The inclusion diameter distribution measured directly by the ultrasonic testing nonmetallic inclusion bearing steel cleanliness ultrasonic testing micro inclusion oxygen content SAE 52100 statistics of extreme value method Yoshiyuki Kato,~ Kaiko...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1998
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2421-X
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2421-9
... Oxygen content of bearing steel will be reduced to below 3 ppm in the year 2000 if current trend for the reduction of oxygen in the steel continues. As a result, size of oxide inclusions will become smaller and the fatigue life will be doubled. From the viewpoint of life prediction, cleanliness...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1998
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2421-X
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2421-9
... This paper introduces a material technology relating to longer life bearings made of through-hardening steel. Efforts to improve steel cleanliness led to the development of a more reliable through-hardening steel (SAE 52100). As the fruit, we have succeeded in mass-producing extremely purified...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1998
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2421-X
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2421-9
... the dimensional stability and fracture toughness, newly developed medium carbon steel can be used for case-hardening bearings. cleanliness dimensional stability fracture toughness rolling contact fatigue life contaminated lubrication boundary lubrication high temperature peeling retained austenite...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1997
ISBN-10: 0-8031-2422-8
ISBN: 978-0-8031-2422-6
... particles. Hydraulic pump problems have been substantially reduced by introducing this new method of contamination control. Hydraulic fluid cleanliness sludge pumps electrostatic Akira Sasaki ~ A REVIEW OF CONTAMINATION RELATED HYDRAULIC PUMP PROBLEMS IN JAPANESE INJECTION MOLDING, EXTRUSION...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1993
ISBN-10: 0-8031-1850-3
ISBN: 978-0-8031-1850-8
... properties can be achieved by proper and careful design of the overall process route, including continuous casting. bearing steels continuous cast (CC) steel ingot cast steel tubing rolling contact fatigue cleanliness G. Baudry, l G. Duplomb, 2 G. Giroud, 3 J. Saleil, 4 and G, Jacob 5 Use...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1993
ISBN-10: 0-8031-1855-4
ISBN: 978-0-8031-1855-3
... analytical oil determination method on surfaces cleanliness Dr. Anton Kirzingerl); Dr. Karl Baurl); Dr. Eberhard Lassmann I) THE BEHAVIOUR OF OIL FILMS ON STRUCTURED PACKING UNDER CRYOGENIC CONDITIONS REFERENCE: Kirzinger, A., Baur, K., and Lassmann, E., "The Behaviour of Oil Films on Structured Packing...
eBook Chapter
Series: ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Publisher: ASTM International
Published: 1988
ISBN-10: 0-8031-0999-7
ISBN: 978-0-8031-0999-5
... Steels used in rolling bearing applications require high reliability and consistency. The SKF MR process developments carried out at Ovako Steel have led to the design of cleanliness specifications which correspond to such requirements. The reduction of oxygen content and harmful nonmetallic...
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